Retinal small vessel pathology is associated with disease burden in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Alterations of the superficial retinal vasculature are commonly observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be visualized through optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Objectives: This study aimed to examine changes in the retinal vasculature during MS and to integrate findings into current concepts of the underlying pathology.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, including 259 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 78 healthy controls, we analyzed OCTAs using deep-learning-based segmentation algorithm tools.