Publications by authors named "Anna Vyazovaya"
Buryatia is a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) high-burden region in the Russian Far East with ethnically diverse population (30 % Mongoloid Buryats and 65 % Russians). Two hundred M. tuberculosis strains from newly-diagnosed patients were subjected to phenotypic testing and genotyping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLatin-American Mediterranean (LAM) family is one of the most significant and global genotypes of . Here, we used the murine model to study the virulence and lethality of the genetically and epidemiologically distinct LAM strains. The pathobiological characteristics of the four LAM strains (three drug resistant and one drug susceptible) and the susceptible reference strain H37Rv were studied in the C57BL/6 mouse model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to determine phenotypic and genotypic drug resistance patterns of strains from children with tuberculosis (TB) in China and Russia, two high-burden countries for multi/extensively-drug resistant (MDR/XDR) TB. Whole-genome sequencing data of isolates from China ( = 137) and Russia ( = 60) were analyzed for phylogenetic markers and drug-resistance mutations, followed by comparison with phenotypic susceptibility data. The Beijing genotype was detected in 126 Chinese and 50 Russian isolates.
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- The study focuses on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing 14717-15-cluster, which is a multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent strain found mainly in the Far Eastern region of Russia.
- Researchers collected and analyzed M. tuberculosis DNA from worldwide locations between 1996 and 2020, developing a PCR assay to identify specific mutations related to this deadly strain.
- Phylogenomic analysis confirmed the strain's prevalence in Asian Russia and highlighted unique mutations that could enhance its pathogenicity, suggesting the need for further research on these mutations' biological effects.
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- * Among the Beijing strains, 50% are multidrug-resistant (MDR), with the B0/W148 group showing a significantly higher MDR prevalence (85.7%) compared to the Central Asian/Russian group (40.3%).
- * The study identified various specific profiles within the Beijing strains, highlighting the need for focus on MDR variants due to their role in the increasing rates of MDR-TB transmission.
We performed synthesis of new nitrofuranyl amides and investigated their anti-TB activity and primary genetic response of mycobacteria through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of spontaneous resistant mutants. The in vitro activity was assessed on reference strain H37Rv. The most active compound was used for in vitro selection of spontaneous resistant mutants.
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- * A study analyzed 269 M. tuberculosis isolates from Western Siberia, revealing that both pre-pandemic and pandemic samples are primarily dominated by the Beijing genotype, which is often multi-drug resistant (MDR).
- * While there was no significant change in the overall M. tuberculosis population structure during the pandemic, there was a slight reduction in the Beijing genotype and a small increase in non-Beijing isolates, but the prevalence of the MDR Beijing strain remained stable.
Nigeria ranks 1st in Africa and 6th globally with the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB). However, only a relatively few studies have addressed the molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in this country. The aim of this work was to analyze the genetic structure of drug-resistant (DR) M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Mycobacterium tuberculosis population in Russia is dominated by the notorious Beijing genotype whose major variants are characterized by contrasting resistance and virulence properties. Here we studied how these strain features could impact the progression of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) concerning clinical manifestation and lethal outcome.
Results: The study sample included 548 M.
Ancient sublineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype is endemic and prevalent in East Asia and rare in other world regions. While these strains are mainly drug susceptible, we recently identified a novel clonal group Beijing 1071-32 within this sublineage emerging in Siberia, Russia and present in other Russian regions. This cluster included only multi/extensive drug resistant (MDR/XDR) isolates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFstrains of the early ancient sublineage of the Beijing genotype are mostly drug susceptible and mainly circulate in East Asia. We have recently discovered two clusters of this sublineage emerging in the Asian part of Russia (VNTR-defined 1071-32 and 14717-15 types) and, to our surprise, both were strongly MDR/XDR-associated. Here, we evaluated their pathogenic features.
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- Perchlozone (PCZ) is a new thiosemicarbazone drug approved for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment in Russia and some other countries.
- The study aimed to explore genetic variations that cause PCZ resistance by using whole genome sequencing on bacterial isolates from patients undergoing treatment at a regional tuberculosis dispensary in Kaliningrad.
- Researchers found that certain mutations, including the frequent frameshift mutation 106 GA > G, often existed before treatment, highlighting the need to consider cross-resistance with other drugs like ethionamide and prothionamide in treatment regimens.
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- The study investigates the genetic variations in Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strains, specifically focusing on seed lots used in Russia and their descendants linked to BCG-related diseases in children.
- Through whole-genome sequencing, researchers compared seed lots 361, 367, and 368 with nine progeny isolates and identified specific genetic mutations that could influence vaccine efficacy and virulence.
- The findings suggest that while genetic variations exist, they did not compromise the stability or effectiveness of the BCG vaccine, indicating that changes accumulate during the vaccine's time in the human body.
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- A study in Estonia, a key EU area for TB control, analyzed drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) trends by examining 278 isolates from 1999 and 2014-2015, revealing an increase in the Beijing genotype and multi-drug resistance.
- The prevalence of drug-resistant TB among non-Beijing strains, including the Euro-American and Indo-Oceanic lineages, showed varying resistance patterns, with the LAM genotype experiencing a significant decrease in resistance rates.
- Key challenges in TB control in Estonia include the rise of highly drug-resistant Beijing B0/W148 subtypes, particularly among HIV-coinfected individuals and patients with alcohol abuse issues, likely exacerbated by historical migration patterns post-1945
The local situation with tuberculosis (TB) is shaped by the complex interplay of multiple factors related to both human host and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We hypothesized that TB epidemiology in the rural regions in the Soviet Union was impacted by construction of the Gulag camps and significant incoming migration. This molecular M.
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- The Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype is an important strain associated with drug resistance, divided into ancient and modern groups.
- A study using next generation sequencing analyzed 184 genomes from various countries to understand the genetic factors behind drug resistance, particularly focusing on Russian isolates.
- Findings revealed that Russian strains exhibited a significant level of drug resistance, with unique mutation signatures contributing to their pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) profiles, tracing back to origins in the early 1970s.
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- Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) poses a serious economic challenge in agriculture, especially in Bulgaria where infection rates have been increasing despite control efforts.
- A study analyzing 30 Mycobacterium bovis isolates used spoligotyping to identify strain diversity, revealing four distinct spoligotypes with differences in geographic prevalence across the country.
- This research highlighted the presence of M. caprae as a significant contributor to bTB in Bulgaria, marking the first detailed examination of the disease's phylogeography in the region.
The aim of this study was to perform a molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains circulating in one of the "closed" Russian cities under conditions of the limited population migration and high HIV coinfection rate. We analyzed 109 M. tuberculosis isolates recovered from TB patients in the Novouralsk municipality in the Ural area of Russia; 38.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Central Asia outbreak (CAO) clade is a branch of the Beijing genotype that is associated with multidrug resistance, increased transmissibility, and epidemic spread in parts of the former Soviet Union. Furthermore, migration flows bring these strains far beyond their areas of origin. We aimed to find a specific molecular marker of the Beijing CAO clade and develop a simple and affordable method for its detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMycobacterium tuberculosis RD-Rio strains are still rare in the former Soviet Union countries and Asia. We describe a strain in Kazakhstan that belongs to the RD-Rio secondary branch, which is endemic to northwest Russia and eastern Europe. Although RD-Rio strains are frequently multidrug resistant, this heterogeneous branch included only drug-susceptible isolates.
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- The study investigated Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from both HIV-positive and HIV-negative TB patients in the Omsk region of Siberia, revealing a high prevalence of HIV co-infection among those with disseminated TB.
- The Beijing genotype was the dominant strain, accounting for over 62% of isolates, with specific clusters showing a strong association with multi-drug resistance (MDR), though MDR was not linked to HIV status.
- Among non-Beijing strains, the emerging drug-resistant Ural family SIT262 was noted as a concerning development, highlighting the complex TB/HIV epidemic in the region.