Cln5 represents a new type of cysteine-based -depalmitoylase linked to neurodegeneration.

Genetic variants are associated with childhood neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease; however, the molecular function of ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal protein 5 (Cln5) is unknown. We solved the Cln5 crystal structure and identified a region homologous to the catalytic domain of members of the N1pC/P60 superfamily of papain-like enzymes. However, we observed no protease activity for Cln5; and instead, we discovered that Cln5 and structurally related PPPDE1 and PPPDE2 have efficient cysteine palmitoyl thioesterase (-depalmitoylation) activity using fluorescent substrates.

Comparison of Two Phosphinidenes Binding to Silicon(IV)dichloride as well as to Silylene.

The cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC) anchored silylene with two phosphinidenes was isolated as (cAAC)Si{P(cAAC)} (3) at room temperature, which was synthesized from the reduction of (Cl)Si{P(cAAC)} (2) using 2 equiv of KC. Compound 2 resulted from the reaction of 2 equiv of (cAAC)PK (1) with 1 equiv of SiCl. Compounds 2 and 3 are the first examples where two terminal phosphinidenes are binding each to a silicon center characterized by single crystal X-ray structural analysis.

Reagent for Introducing Base-Stabilized Phosphorus Atoms into Organic and Inorganic Compounds.

The cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC) stabilized monoanionic phosphorus atom in the form of lithium phosphinidene [cAACPLi(THF)] (1) has been isolated as a molecular species and characterized by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. Furthermore, the structure and bonding of compound 1 has been investigated by theoretical methods. The utilization of the lithium phosphinidene as a phosphorus transfer reagent for a wide range of organic and inorganic substrates has been investigated.

Organosilicon Radicals with Si-H and Si-Me Bonds from Commodity Precursors.

The cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC) stabilized biradicals of composition (cAAC)SiH (1), (cAAC)SiMe-SiMe(cAAC) (2), and (cAAC)SiMeCl-SiMeCl(cAAC) (3) have been isolated as molecular species. All the compounds are stable at room temperature for more than 6 months under inert conditions in the solid state. All radical species were fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis and EPR spectroscopy.

Refinement of macromolecular structures against neutron data with .

Some of the improvements in make convenient to use for refinement of macromolecular structures against neutron data without the support of X-ray data. The new NEUT instruction adjusts the behaviour of the SFAC instruction as well as the default bond lengths of the AFIX instructions. This work presents a protocol on how to use for refinement of protein structures against neutron data.