Aberrant migration of Spirocerca Lupi to the spinal cord in dogs: Association of clinical signs, CSF analysis, preventive treatment, and outcome.

Spirocerca lupi is a nematode typically targeting the esophageal wall but may also migrate to the spinal cord. This study aimed to characterize the clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings, prognostic factors, and outcomes of dogs with spinal S. lupi (SSL) aberrant migration, and to evaluate prophylactic treatment efficacy.

Retrospective evaluation of traumatic pneumomediastinum in dogs and cats (2005-2022): 52 cases.

Objective: To describe the incidence, etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatments, and outcome of noniatrogenic traumatic pneumomediastinum (TPM) in dogs and cats.

Design: Retrospective study of cases (2005-2022).

Setting: University veterinary teaching hospital.

Effect of Perineal Urethrostomy on the Length of the Urethra of the Cat: A Cadaveric Study.

Unlabelled: Perineal urethrostomy in cats is indicated for urethral pathologies located distal to the bulbourethral glands. The description of the bulbourethral glands as the cranial landmark when performing a PU is based on the increased urethral diameter at this location, rather than on an anatomical limitation. This suggests that urethral pathologies cranial to the bulbourethral glands could potentially be treated with PU.

Aetiology, clinical parameters and outcome in 113 dogs surgically treated for septic peritonitis (2004-2020).

Background: Septic peritonitis (SP) is a common life-threatening condition. The aims of this study were to describe the aetiology, clinicopathological abnormalities, complications, treatment, outcome and prognosis of dogs with SP.

Methods: Records of 113 dogs diagnosed and surgically treated for SP between 2004 and 2020 were reviewed.

Balloon expandable aortic stent-graft for the treatment of aortic aneurysm and rupture in a dog.

Objective: To describe the successful placement of an aortic stent graft in a dog suffering from aortic aneurysm and rupture.

Case Summary: A 4-year-old neutered female mixed breed dog weighing 25 kg was presented with a chief complaint of acute onset of weakness and respiratory distress. On presentation, the dog was lateral and unresponsive, hypothermic, tachycardic, and tachypneic.

Treatment of a Congenital Imperforate Vestibulovaginal Junction and Secondary Hydrocolpos With Endoscopic Laser Ablation in Two Dogs.

Two dogs were evaluated for clinical signs including dysuria, stranguria, and/or dyschezia. Physical examination findings were consistent with a caudal abdominal and intra-pelvic mass. Imaging with abdominal ultrasonography confirmed the presence of a tubular fluid-filled structure.

Cranial translation of the elevated prepuce in dogs before and after two modifications: A cadaveric study.

Objective: To quantify cranial translation of the prepuce after elevating it from the ventral body wall and to compare it to the cranial translation achieved after each of two modifications expected to increase cranial translation.

Study Design: Cadaveric study.

Sample Population: Ten male dogs.

Dog bite wounds in cats: a retrospective study of 72 cases.

Objectives: Bite wounds are a common cause of trauma in cats; nevertheless, large-scale studies of this trauma in cats are lacking. The aims of the present study were to characterise the clinical and clinicopathological findings in these cats, to assess the association of these variables and therapeutic measures with survival, and to assess the association between the animal trauma triage (ATT) score and severity of injuries score (SS) at presentation with survival.

Methods: The medical records of cats presented to a veterinary teaching hospital and two large referral clinics were reviewed retrospectively.

The effect of the interosseous ligament and selected antebrachiocarpal ligaments on rotation of the radius during extension of the carpus.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the interosseous ligament and selected antebrachiocarpal ligaments on the internal rotation of the radius relative to the ulna, during carpal extension.

Study Design: Cadaveric study.

Sample Population: Twenty-four cadaveric canine forelimbs.

The influence of estrogen deficiency on the structural and mechanical properties of rat cortical bone.

Background: Post-menopausal osteoporosis is a common health problem worldwide, most commonly caused by estrogen deficiency. Most of the information regarding the skeletal effects of this disease relates to trabecular bone, while cortical bone is less studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of estrogen deficiency on the structure and mechanical properties of cortical bone.

Evaluation of cross-linked gelatin as a bulking agent for the management of urinary sphincter mechanism incompetence in female dogs.

Background: Bulking agent implantation is a minimally invasive intervention for the management of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI).

Hypothesis/objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the novel bulking agent VetFoam for the management of urinary incontinence in female dogs diagnosed with USMI.

Animals: Fifteen client-owned female dogs.

Use of bilateral superficial gluteal muscle flaps for the repair of ventral perineal hernia in dogs: A cadaveric study and short case series.

Objective: To describe bilateral mobilization of the superficial gluteal muscle (SGM) to treat ventral perineal hernias in dogs.

Study Design: Cadaveric study and short case series.

Sample Population: Male dog cadavers (n = 10) weighing between 5 and 42 kg and three dogs treated for ventral perineal hernia.

Perioperative urinary heat shock protein 72 as an early marker of acute kidney injury in dogs.

Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) may be a complication in dogs undergoing surgery. Urinary heat shock protein 72 (uHSP72) is a sensitive biomarker of canine AKI. To assess the occurrence of perioperative AKI, based on uHSP72 compared with serum creatinine (sCr), and whether its occurrence is associated with the American Society of Anesthesiology physical status (ASA status).

Acute mesenteric ischemia-like syndrome associated with suspected Spirocerca lupi aberrant migration in dogs.

Objective: To describe acute mesenteric infarction due to suspected Spirocerca lupi aberrant migration in 5 dogs.

Case Series Summary: All dogs were large breed, none of which exhibited typical clinical signs associated with spirocercosis. All dogs were eventually diagnosed with septic peritonitis.

The structure, composition and mechanical properties of the skeleton of the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber).

The naked mole-rat (NMR) is a small rodent with a remarkable array of properties, such as unique physiology, extremely long life-span and unusual social life. However, very little is known regarding its skeleton. The aim of this study was to describe the structure, composition and mechanical properties in an ontogenetic series of naked mole-rat bones.

Contribution of Palmar Radiocarpal and Ulnocarpal Ligaments to the Stability of the Canine Antebrachiocarpal Joint.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the palmar radiocarpal ligament and the palmar ulnocarpal ligament to canine antebrachiocarpal joint stability.

Materials And Methods:  The right carpus of four dog cadavers, free of musculoskeletal pathology, was stripped of muscle. Each specimen was placed into a custom-made joint testing machine and tested at 15° extension, and 0° and 15° flexion.

Influence of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity advancement on passive laxity of the cranial cruciate deficient stifle in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) and tibial tuberosity transposition (TTA) on craniocaudal stability of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) deficient stifle at 3 joint angles.

Study Design: Ex vivo biomechanical study.

Sample Population: Eight stifles from 4 dogs.

Changes in D-dimer concentration after soft tissue and orthopedic surgery in dogs.

Objective: D-dimer is a specific marker of active coagulation and fibrinolysis. The objective of this study is to determine the influence of surgery on D-dimer concentration as well as to examine the relation between the magnitude of change and invasiveness of the surgical procedures.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Spirocerca lupi induced oesophageal neoplasia: Predictors of surgical outcome.

Canine spirocercosis is caused by the nematode Spirocerca lupi. Migration results in oesophageal fibro-inflammatory nodules that may undergo neoplastic transformation. No studies have assessed pre- or post-surgical prognostic indicators in dogs that undergo intervention for S.

Does Secondary Renal Osteopathy Exist in Companion Animals?

Secondary renal hyperparathyroidism is an inevitable consequence of chronic kidney disease. In human patients, the disease is associated with decreased bone quality and increased fracture risk. Recent evidence suggests that bone quality is also decreased in companion animals, more pronouncedly in cats compared with dogs, likely because of a longer disease course.

Structural orientation dependent sub-lamellar bone mechanics.

The lamellar unit is a critical component in defining the overall mechanical properties of bone. In this paper, micro-beams of bone with dimensions comparable to the lamellar unit were fabricated using focused ion beam (FIB) microscopy and mechanically tested in bending to failure using atomic force microscopy (AFM). A variation in the mechanical properties, including elastic modulus, strength and work to fracture of the micro-beams was observed and related to the collagen fibril orientation inferred from back-scattered scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging.

The effect of naturally occurring chronic kidney disease on the micro-structural and mechanical properties of bone.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health concern worldwide, and is associated with marked increase of bone fragility. Previous studies assessing the effect of CKD on bone quality were based on biopsies from human patients or on laboratory animal models. Such studies provide information of limited relevance due to the small size of the samples (biopsies) or the non-physiologic CKD syndrome studied (rodent models with artificially induced CKD).

Remodeling in bone without osteocytes: billfish challenge bone structure-function paradigms.

A remarkable property of tetrapod bone is its ability to detect and remodel areas where damage has accumulated through prolonged use. This process, believed vital to the long-term health of bone, is considered to be initiated and orchestrated by osteocytes, cells within the bone matrix. It is therefore surprising that most extant fishes (neoteleosts) lack osteocytes, suggesting their bones are not constantly repaired, although many species exhibit long lives and high activity levels, factors that should induce considerable fatigue damage with time.

Pin Size Selection for Normograde Intramedullary Pinning of Distal Humeral Fractures in the Dog.

Objective: To determine the optimal intramedullary (IM) pin size for open and percutaneous normograde pinning of the distal humerus.

Study Design: Ex vivo anatomic study.

Sample Population: Sixteen canine cadavers.

The effect of extension and loading of the carpus on radial rotation.

Objective: To describe the direction and magnitude of the rotation of the radius relative to the ulna during extension of the carpus and to describe the effect of carpal extension on internal and external rotation of the radius relative to the ulna.

Study Design: In vitro experiment.

Animals: Cadaveric canine thoracic limbs (n = 11).