Lunate prosthetic arthroplasty for the treatment of Kienbock's disease: A systematic review.

Purpose: Prosthetic replacement of the fragmented, collapsed and unreconstructable lunate is a treatment option in Kienbock's disease. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness, safety and outcomes of prosthetic lunate arthroplasty for the treatment of Kienbock's disease.

Methods: We conducted a PRISMA-P compliant systematic review PROSPERO (CRD 42021283996) searching Cochrane, Medline, PubMed and Embase databases for the outcomes of prosthetic lunate arthroplasty.

A surge in the incidence of invasive Group A Streptococcus hand infections: a single Hand Unit experience.

We highlight an increase in the number of invasive Group A streptococcal soft tissue infections and present the impact of those on the hand surgery service, based on a single Hand Unit experience at the Pulvertaft Hand Centre.

Flexor Injury Rehabilitation Splint Trial (FIRST): protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled trial comparing three splints for finger flexor tendon repairs.

Background: Without surgical repair, flexor tendon injuries do not heal and patients' ability to bend fingers and grip objects is impaired. However, flexor tendon repair surgery also requires optimal rehabilitation. There are currently three custom-made splints used in the rehabilitation of zone I/II flexor tendon repairs, each with different assumed harm/benefit profiles: the dorsal forearm and hand-based splint (long), the Manchester short splint (short), and the relative motion flexion splint (mini).

Role of overnight oximetry in assessing the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea in typically developing children: a multicentre study.

Background And Objective: Cardiorespiratory polygraphy (CRP) is the predominant technology used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in tertiary centres in the UK. Nocturnal pulse oximetry (NPO) is, however, cheaper and more accessible. This study evaluated the ability of NPO indices to predict OSA in typically developing (TD) children.

The effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with concurrent hand and psychological disorders.

We investigated the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for patients with psychological disorders thought to be influencing recovery from elective and traumatic hand conditions. Demographic data and psychological assessment scores (Primary Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ9), General Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD7), Impact of Event Scale (IES)) were prospectively collected before and after CBT treatment. One hundred and fourteen patients underwent CBT with 81 completing treatment.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances for young people.

Introduction: There are concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic is having an indirect negative impact on young people. We aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on emergency department (ED) presentations and admissions.

Design: We analysed ED presentations and admissions from a 5-year period (April 2016-February 2021).

A Review of Outcome Reporting Practices after Flexor Tendon Repair in Zones 1 and 2.

Outcome reporting following flexor tendon repair has historically concentrated on range of movement. Recently, there has been an increase in the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). At present, there is no agreed set of outcomes to report following flexor tendon repair.

Improvement in the Appearance and Function of the Hand at 2 Weeks after Percutaneous Needle Fasciotomy for Dupuytren Disease.

Percutaneous needle fasciotomy (PNF) has been successfully used for the treatment of contracture bands in the hand in patients with Dupuytren disease. The aim of this study is to determine aesthetic and functional outcomes at 2 weeks following PNF in patients with Dupuytren contracture. Seventy-five patients undergoing PNF for Dupuytren disease during a 4-month period were included.

The case for skin camouflage in the management of upper limb scarring - A case series.

Introduction: For some people the appearance of their hands is as important as function. Upper limb scarring can cause some patients distress. Skin camouflage is an intervention that can be used to reduce the visual impact of a scar but there is limited published evidence for its use for hand scarring.

Increasing skeletal muscle carnitine content in older individuals increases whole-body fat oxidation during moderate-intensity exercise.

Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) utilization is impaired in older individuals, and IMCL accumulation is associated with insulin resistance. We hypothesized that increasing muscle total carnitine content in older men would increase fat oxidation and IMCL utilization during exercise, and improve insulin sensitivity. Fourteen healthy older men (69 ± 1 year, BMI 26.

The association between surgery for carpal and cubital tunnel syndrome: analysis of incidence and risk factors within a geographical area.

The relationship between surgery for cubital tunnel and carpal tunnel syndrome was examined in this retrospective study. Between 1997 and 2018, data from consecutive patients who underwent carpal tunnel release (8352 patients), cubital tunnel release (1681 patients) or both procedures (692 patients) were analysed. The relative risk of undergoing cubital tunnel release in the population who had carpal tunnel release compared with those with no carpal tunnel release was 15.

The effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on hand trauma surgery utilization.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the need for hand trauma services during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, specifically related to surgical requirements. This will provide useful information for planning and resource allocation in the event of any further lockdown.

Methods: A prospective analsysis of all patients attending our hand trauma unit throughout the UK COVID-19 lockdown period (24 March to 10 May 2020) was carried out.

The effect of social deprivation on the incidence rate of carpal and cubital tunnel syndrome surgery.

We sought to establish whether carpal and cubital tunnel syndrome requiring surgery is associated with deprivation in England. Data from 10,496 adult patients who were treated in our hand unit over a 20-year period were reviewed. The Index of Multiple Deprivation was used to measure deprivation from the patients' postcode.

Connectivity patterns between multiple allergen specific IgE antibodies and their association with severe asthma.

Background: Allergic sensitization is associated with severe asthma, but assessment of sensitization is not recommended by most guidelines.

Objective: We hypothesized that patterns of IgE responses to multiple allergenic proteins differ between sensitized participants with mild/moderate and severe asthma.

Methods: IgE to 112 allergenic molecules (components, c-sIgE) was measured using multiplex array among 509 adults and 140 school-age and 131 preschool children with asthma/wheeze from the Unbiased BIOmarkers for the PREDiction of respiratory diseases outcomes cohort, of whom 595 had severe disease.

Risk Factors for Hen's Egg Allergy in Europe: EuroPrevall Birth Cohort.

Background: Hen's egg is one of the commonest causes of food allergy, but there are little data on its risk factors.

Objective: To assess the risk factors, particularly eczema, for hen's egg allergy in the EuroPrevall birth cohort.

Methods: In the pan-European EuroPrevall birth cohort, questionnaires were undertaken at 12 and 24 months or when parents reported symptoms.

Prevalence estimates and risk factors for early childhood wheeze across Europe: the EuroPrevall birth cohort.

Background: Preschool wheeze is an important problem worldwide. No comparative population-based studies covering different countries have previously been undertaken.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of early childhood wheeze across Europe and evaluate risk factors focusing on food allergy, breast feeding and smoke exposure.

Enriching a protein drink with leucine augments muscle protein synthesis after resistance exercise in young and older men.

Maximizing anabolic responses to feeding and exercise is crucial for muscle maintenance and adaptation to exercise training. We hypothesized that enriching a protein drink with leucine would improve anabolic responses to resistance exercise (RE: 6 × 8 knee-extension repetitions at 75% of 1-RM) in both young and older adults. Groups (n = 9) of young (24 ± 6 y, BMI 23 ± 2 kg m) and older men (70 ± 5 y, BMI 25 ± 2 kg m) were randomized to either: (i) RE followed by Slim-Fast Optima (SFO 10 g PRO; 24 g CHO) with 4.

Relative Contribution of Intramyocellular Lipid to Whole-Body Fat Oxidation Is Reduced With Age but Subsarcolemmal Lipid Accumulation and Insulin Resistance Are Only Associated With Overweight Individuals.

Insulin resistance is closely related to intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation, and both are associated with increasing age. It remains to be determined to what extent perturbations in IMCL metabolism are related to the aging process per se. On two separate occasions, whole-body and muscle insulin sensitivity (euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp with 2-deoxyglucose) and fat utilization during 1 h of exercise at 50% VO2max ([U-(13)C]palmitate infusion combined with electron microscopy of IMCL) were determined in young lean (YL), old lean (OL), and old overweight (OO) males.

The burden of severe asthma in childhood and adolescence: results from the paediatric U-BIOPRED cohorts.

U-BIOPRED aims to characterise paediatric and adult severe asthma using conventional and innovative systems biology approaches. A total of 99 school-age children with severe asthma and 81 preschoolers with severe wheeze were compared with 49 school-age children with mild/moderate asthma and 53 preschoolers with mild/moderate wheeze in a cross-sectional study. Despite high-dose treatment, the severe cohorts had more severe exacerbations compared with the mild/moderate ones (annual medians: school-aged 3.

Obesity Appears to Be Associated With Altered Muscle Protein Synthetic and Breakdown Responses to Increased Nutrient Delivery in Older Men, but Not Reduced Muscle Mass or Contractile Function.

Obesity is increasing, yet despite the necessity of maintaining muscle mass and function with age, the effect of obesity on muscle protein turnover in older adults remains unknown. Eleven obese (BMI 31.9 ± 1.

Statin myalgia is not associated with reduced muscle strength, mass or protein turnover in older male volunteers, but is allied with a slowing of time to peak power output, insulin resistance and differential muscle mRNA expression.

Statins are associated with muscle myalgia and myopathy, which probably reduce habitual physical activity. This is particularly relevant to older people who are less active, sarcopaenic and at increased risk of statin myalgia. We hypothesised that statin myalgia would be allied to impaired strength and work capacity in older people, and determined whether differences aligned with divergences in lean mass, protein turnover, insulin sensitivity and the molecular regulation of these processes.

Pharmacological enhancement of leg and muscle microvascular blood flow does not augment anabolic responses in skeletal muscle of young men under fed conditions.

Skeletal muscle anabolism associated with postprandial plasma aminoacidemia and insulinemia is contingent upon amino acids (AA) and insulin crossing the microcirculation-myocyte interface. In this study, we hypothesized that increasing muscle microvascular blood volume (flow) would enhance fed-state anabolic responses in muscle protein turnover. We studied 10 young men (23.

Myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates subsequent to a meal in response to increasing doses of whey protein at rest and after resistance exercise.

Background: The intake of whey, compared with casein and soy protein intakes, stimulates a greater acute response of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) to protein ingestion in rested and exercised muscle.

Objective: We characterized the dose-response relation of postabsorptive rates of myofibrillar MPS to increasing amounts of whey protein at rest and after exercise in resistance-trained, young men.

Design: Volunteers (n = 48) consumed a standardized, high-protein (0.