Transfer from goal-directed behavior to stimulus-response habits and its modulation by acute stress in individuals with risky gaming behavior.

Habitual responses towards addiction-related cues play a relevant role in the development and maintenance of addictions. Such automatic responses may be more likely under stress, as stress has been shown to induce a shift from goal-directed to habitual behavior. The current study investigated these mechanisms in risky gaming behavior.

Bacterial extracellular vesicles as intranasal postbiotics: Detailed characterization and interaction with airway cells.

Escherichia coli A0 34/86 (EcO83) is a probiotic strain used in newborns to prevent nosocomial infections and diarrhoea. This bacterium stimulates both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production and its intranasal administration reduces allergic airway inflammation in mice. Despite its benefits, there are concerns about the use of live probiotic bacteria due to potential systemic infections and gene transfer.

The effect of individual differences on Pavlovian conditioning in specific Internet-use disorders.

The I-PACE model suggests that Internet-use disorders result from the interplay of individual vulnerabilities and cognitive and affective processes. As in substance use disorders, Pavlovian conditioning processes are attributed a key role. However, and despite progress in identifying individual vulnerabilities, factors influencing appetitive conditioning remain poorly understood.

Stress and compulsive buying-shopping disorder: A scoping review.

Introduction: Theoretical frameworks of behavioral addictions mostly acknowledge the role of stress in the development and maintenance of these disorders, models of compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD) however rarely incorporated stress. The association between stress and CBSD has not been reviewed yet.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted to evaluate empirical results on the association between stress and CBSD.

Extracellular vesicles of the probiotic bacteria E. coli O83 activate innate immunity and prevent allergy in mice.

Background: E. coli O83 (Colinfant Newborn) is a Gram-negative (G-) probiotic bacterium used in the clinic. When administered orally, it reduces allergic sensitisation but not allergic asthma.

Cue-reactivity to distal cues in individuals at risk for gaming disorder.

Background: Gaming disorder (GD) is a disorder due to addictive behaviors (ICD-11). Cue-reactivity and craving are relevant mechanisms in the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors. When confronted with cues showing in-game content (proximal cues) individuals with higher symptom severity show increased cue-reactivity.

[Readiness for Implementation of Prevention and Health Promotion Measures for People in Difficult Living Situations in Deprived Municipalities in Bavaria: A Qualitative Analysis].

Objective: The community setting is crucial to improving health equity. To enable the implementation of need-based and target-oriented measures, it is important to understand the challenges and needs of communities. This is highly relevant for deprived communities that have offered hardly any health promotion programs for socially disadvantaged people.

Hemostatics in patients with inhibited coagulation-A viscoelastic in-vitro analysis.

Background: The military has used topical hemostatic agents to successfully treat life-threatening external bleeding for years. In contrast to the military environment, the general population are increasingly prescribed anticoagulants. There are only few comparative evaluations of topical hemostatic agents with anticoagulated human blood.

A press(ing) issue: analysing local news coverage of abortion in the US South during the COVID-19 pandemic.

In the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, some US state governments banned abortion due to its allegedly 'elective' nature. While these actions were successfully challenged in courts, discussion about the topic may have shaped personal and public opinion. This study aimed to explore the framing of abortion in local newspapers during the onset of the pandemic.

"I Don't Want to Have Sex as a Woman": A Qualitative Study Exploring Sexuality and Sexual Practices of Drag Queens in Germany.

Drag queens are typically gay men who perform as caricature-like women. They thereby publicly challenge "naturally" binary gender role categories, though it remains unclear how that interplays with their private (e.g.

Active immunization with a Her-2/neu-targeting Multi-peptide B cell vaccine prevents lung metastases formation from Her-2/neu breast cancer in a mouse model.

In pre-clinical and clinical settings, active immunization with a Her-2/neu vaccine (HerVaxx), comprising B-cell peptide from Trastuzumab binding site, has been shown to reduce primary tumor growth via induction of polyclonal anti-tumor immune responses and immunological memory. Here, we tested the combination of HerVaxx and the recently identified B-cell epitope/mimotope of Pertuzumab, i.e.

Interaction of Insecticides and Fungicides in Bees.

Honeybees and wild bees are among the most important pollinators of both wild and cultivated landscapes. In recent years, however, a significant decline in these pollinators has been recorded. This decrease can have many causes including the heavy use of biocidal plant protection products in agriculture.

Functional limitations after lateral column lengthening osteotomy of the calcaneus are associated with lower quality of life.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify limitations in sagittal ankle range of motion (ROM) at least two years after lateral column lengthening osteotomy of the calcaneus (LLC) and their implications regarding quality of life.

Methods: Fifteen patients with a mean follow-up of 80 ± 27 months after LLC and 15 age-matched healthy persons participated in this study. Ankle joint complex ROM in plantarflexion and dorsiflexion was measured bilaterally using a goniometer and fluoroscopy (patients only).

Excitotoxicity Alters Endogenous Secretoneurin Plasma Levels, but Supplementation with Secretoneurin Does Not Protect Against Excitotoxic Neonatal Brain Injury.

Excitotoxicity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of developing brain injury. The neuropeptide secretoneurin (SN) has neuroprotective potential. The aim of this study was to investigate SN plasma concentrations following excitotoxicity and to evaluate the effect of SN as therapeutic strategy in excitotoxic newborn brain injury.

The Impact of Being Born Preterm or Small for Gestational Age on Early Vascular Aging in Adolescents.

Objective: To assess the impact of being born preterm or small for gestational age (SGA) on early vascular aging (EVA) in a cohort of healthy Tyrolean adolescents.

Study Design: This study is part of an ongoing clinical trial, EVA Tyrol, a regional cohort study being conducted in western Austria. EVA was assessed in adolescents (mean age, 16 years) by means of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and blood pressure measurements.

Secretoneurin Serum Levels in Healthy Term Neonates and Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy.

Background: Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy is a major cause of neurologic impairment and mortality in neonates. Early knowledge of brain injury is important to guide therapeutic decisions and reliably inform the parents. Increased secretoneurin levels have been detected in adult patients suffering from brain injury and it has also been shown to be a promising early serum biomarker of unfavourable neurological outcome.

A novel comparative effectiveness study of Tai Chi versus aerobic exercise for fibromyalgia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Fibromyalgia is a chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome that causes substantial physical and psychological impairment and costs the US healthcare system over $25 billion annually. Current pharmacological therapies may cause serious adverse effects, are expensive, and fail to effectively improve pain and function. Finding new and effective non-pharmacological treatments for fibromyalgia patients is urgently needed.

The Influence of Tai Chi Exercise on Proprioception in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: Results from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Previous long-term observational studies found that Tai Chi practitioners had better knee-joint proprioceptive acuity versus controls in an older population. We evaluated the effects of Tai Chi for knee-joint proprioception in knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a randomized controlled trial.

Methods: We randomized 40 eligible individuals (age > 55, BMI ≤ 40 kg/m with knee pain on most days of the previous month and tibiofemoral OA (K/L grade ≥2) to Tai Chi (10 modified forms from classical Yang style) or to an attention control (stretching and wellness education).