[Patient - doctor relationship from perspective of the Karpman drama triangle].

Patients' confidence in doctors has been decreased for last years despite successes of Polish medicine. It seems to be related to particular conditions of patient - doctor relationship and patient's negative emotions may frequently burden it from the beginning. They may allow an interpersonal game, the Drama Triangle, to appear in the relationship.

[Interpersonal games as a method for doctors' occupational stress].

Doctors are frequently expose to stress during their occupational work. It is mainly the result of burdens caused by taking care of patients, dysfunctional arrangements of the health care system and difficult relationships in their workplace. Chronic stress brings negative emotions and they need to cope with them .

[Professional burnout among family doctors and games in patient - doctor relationship].

S Burnout syndrome reveals high prevalence among family doctor in many countries. Its universality in outpatient practice is influenced by numerous relationships with demanding patients. The authors of this work described chosen interpersonal games in patient - doctor relationships on the base of transactional analysis.

Universality of physicians' burnout syndrome as a result of experiencing difficulty in relationship with patients.

The aim of our work is to present the universality of burnout syndrome among physicians worldwide and to demonstrate selected aspects of the relationship between patients and doctors as a common factor predisposing to burnout. We looked up 20 original pieces of research from the Medline database published in the last 10 years to determine the prevalence of burnout among doctors in different countries. In all quoted works a remarkable percentage of doctors of interventional and non-interventional specialties suffered burnout.

The role of the immuno-inflammatory response in patients after cardiac arrest.

Introduction: The aim of the research was to assess whether concentrations of inflammatory markers in blood of patients after cardiac arrest (CA) are related to their clinical state and survival.

Material And Methods: Forty-six patients, aged 63 ±12 years, 21 of them after out-of-hospital CA and 25 after in-hospital CA, were enrolled in the study. Twenty-five patients survived and were discharged from hospital (CA-S); 21 died during hospitalization (CA-D).

[Inflammatory cytokines and long-term prognosis after cardiac arrest].

Background: The long-term survival rate after sudden cardiac arrest remains low despite progress in resuscitation, possibly due to acute ischemia of vital organs and subsequent general inflammatory reaction. We investigated a possible relationship between inflammatory cytokine concentrations and cardiac arrest (CA) survival.

Methods: Fifty one adult acute coronary syndrome patients, 35 males and 16 females, aged 62 +/- 12 years, who survived out-of-hospital CA (45%) and in-hospital CA (55%) were enrolled in the study.

[Concentrations of adrenal steroids and sex hormones in postmenopausal women suffering from coronary artery disease].

Unlabelled: The lack of the benefits in the prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) from the hormonal substitution with preparations of estradiol (E2) suggests that higher frequency of CAD in postmenopausal women (PMW) may be influenced by a hormonal mechanism different from the postmenopausal hypoestrogenism.

Aim Of The Study: Due to the fact adrenal glands are the important source of steroids in PMW the aim of our research was the assessment of the concentrations of the adrenal hormones and their possible relations with CAD.

Material And Methods: W-CAD group--31 PMW at the age of 66 +/- 9 years with angiographically proven CAD; 3/4 of them suffered from myocardial infarction.

[Hyperandrogenism as a risk factor of coronary artery disease in young women].

The aim of the study was an attempt to assess the relative roles of common risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) and sex hormones in the pathogenesis of CAD in young menstruating women. 38 women in the age of 35-47 years with past myocardial infarction and angiographically proven critical changes in coronary arteries, with one-vessel disease in 22 women (58%) or multi-vessel disease in 16 (42%) were examined. A referee group consisted of 15 healthy women in the age of 35-45 years.

[Excessive body weight and coexisting with it changes in levels of hormones of adrenal and gonadal origin are associated with coronary artery disease in men].

Unlabelled: The aim of study was to estimate relation between excessive body weight (EBW) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in men and to assess changes in concentrations of hormones due to EBW which may predispose to atherogenesis.

Material And Methods: Study group (CADM) - 33 men in the age 52 +/- 6 years, with body mass index (BMI) above 25 kg/m2 and angiographically documented CAD. Comparative group (CM) - 13 men in the same age without CAD.

[Coma--the interdisciplinary problem].

5% of all patients admitted to emergency units suffer from disturbances of state of consciousness. Early assessment/appreciation of degree of unconsciousness and identification of its etiology influences on and sometimes decides success of its therapy. In the article below epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis and main principles of procedures employed in senseless patients are discussed.