Publications by authors named "Anna Reni"
Epigenetic dysregulation has long been recognized as a significant contributor to tumorigenesis and tumor maintenance, impacting all recognized cancer hallmarks. Although some epigenetic drugs have received regulatory approval for certain hematological malignancies, their efficacy in treating solid tumors has so far been largely disappointing. However, recent advancements in developing new compounds and a deeper understanding of cancer biology have led to success in specific solid tumor subtypes through precision medicine approaches.
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- The gut microbiota plays a significant role in how cancer patients respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but there’s no clear definition of harmful dysbiosis.* -
- Researchers analyzed fecal samples from 245 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, identifying specific bacterial species groups associated with either resistance or response to ICIs, resulting in the creation of a topological score (TOPOSCORE).* -
- This TOPOSCORE was further validated in additional patient cohorts and transformed into a 21-bacterial probe set for qPCR scoring, suggesting it could serve as a dynamic tool for diagnosing intestinal dysbiosis and tailoring microbiota-focused treatments.*
Background: High-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) comprise both well-differentiated grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors (G3 NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). Mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) nearly always include poorly differentiated NEC as the neuroendocrine component. The efficacy and safety of frontline mFOLFIRINOX chemotherapy has never been investigated in patients with high-grade NENs.
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- - Antibiotics can reduce the effectiveness of PD-1 blockade in cancer treatment, but we still don’t fully understand how they weaken immune responses.
- - The study found that after antibiotics, certain gut bacteria lead to a decrease in MAdCAM-1, promoting regulatory T cells to leave the gut and move into tumors, which negatively impacts immune function.
- - In cancer patients, lower levels of soluble MAdCAM-1 in the blood were associated with poorer outcomes, suggesting that targeting the MAdCAM-1-α4β7 pathway could improve cancer immunotherapy strategies.
Background: On February 23rd, the 1st case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was diagnosed at the University Hospital Trust of Verona, Italy. On March 13th, the Oncology Section was converted into a 22-inpatient bed coronavirus disease (COVID) Unit, and we reshaped our organisation to face the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, while maintaining oncological activities.
Methods: We tracked down (i) volumes of oncological activities (January 1st - March 31st, 2020 versus the same period of 2019), (ii) patients' and caregivers' perception and (iii) SARS-CoV-2 infection rate in oncology health professionals and SARS-CoV-2 infection-related hospital admissions of "active"' oncological patients.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how the composition of stool bacteria in kidney cancer patients affects the effectiveness of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, specifically nivolumab, which has been shown to improve treatment outcomes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
- Researchers collected fecal samples from 69 advanced RCC patients and analyzed these alongside samples from healthy volunteers to find correlations between gut bacteria and treatment responses, while also examining the impact of antibiotics and tyrosine kinase inhibitors on microbiota.
- The findings suggest that recent antibiotic use significantly reduces response rates to ICB therapy, emphasizing the importance of gut bacteria in predicting patient outcomes and highlighting a potential area for improving cancer treatment strategies.