Mapping sub-cellular protein aggregates and lipid inclusions using synchrotron ATR-FTIR microspectroscopy.

Visualising direct biochemical markers of cell physiology and disease pathology at the sub-cellular level is an ongoing challenge in the biological sciences. A suite of microscopies exists to either visualise sub-cellular architecture or to indirectly view biochemical markers (e.g.

Unravelling the Mechanism of Excited-State Interligand Energy Transfer and the Engineering of Dual Emission in [Ir(CN)(NN)] Complexes.

Fundamental insights into the mechanism of triplet-excited-state interligand energy transfer dynamics and the origin of dual emission for phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes are presented. The complexes [Ir(CN)(NN)] (HCN = 2-phenylpyridine (-), 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine (-), 1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole (-); NN = 1-benzyl-4-(pyrid-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (pytz, ), 1-benzyl-4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (pymtz, ), 1-benzyl-4-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (pyztz, )) are phosphorescent in room-temperature fluid solutions from triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) states admixed with either ligand-centered (LC) (, , and ) or ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LL'CT) character (, , and -). Particularly striking is the observation that pyrimidine-based complex exhibits dual emission from both MLCT/LC and MLCT/LL'CT states.

A facile methodology using quantum dot multiplex labels for tracking co-transfection.

Advances in the field of genome engineering demand the development of efficient non-viral transfection agents capable of delivering multiple distinct nucleic acids efficiently to cells (co-transfection). However, current delivery methods result in lower co-transfection efficiency than single plasmid transfections, and the efficiency decreases further with increasing numbers of plasmids. The development of a high-throughput methodology is required for the validation of co-transfection platforms to facilitate independent tracking of not only the multiple DNA plasmids during transfection but also the localisation of transfection agents.

Complementary Approaches to Imaging Subcellular Lipid Architectures in Live Bacteria Using Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes and Raman Spectroscopy.

A family of three neutral iridium(III) tetrazolato complexes are investigated as bacterial imaging agents. The complexes offer a facile tuning of the emission colour from green (520 nm) to red (600 nm) in aqueous media, while keeping the excitation wavelength unchanged. The three complexes do not inhibit the bacterial growth of Bacillus Cereus, used as a model in this study, and exhibit extremely fast cellular uptake.

Methylation of Ir(iii)-tetrazolato complexes: an effective route to modulate the emission outputs and to switch to antimicrobial properties.

Two neutral cyclometalated Ir(iii)-tetrazolato complexes that differ by variations of the substituents on either the phenylpyridine or the tetrazolate ligand have been converted into the corresponding methylated and cationic analogues. NMR (H and C) characterization of the Ir(iii) complexes provided the results in agreement with the chemo- and regioselective character of methylation at the N-3 position of the Ir(iii)-coordinated tetrazolato ring. This evidence was further corroborated by the analysis of the molecular structures of the cationic complexes obtained by X-ray diffraction.

Targeting divalent metal cations with Re(I) tetrazolato complexes.

In order to exploit their potential as versatile luminescent sensors, four new Re(I)-tetrazolato complexes with the general formula fac-[Re(CO)3(diim)(L)], where diim is 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and L(-) is either the anion 5-(2'-pyridyl)tetrazolato (2-PTZ(-)) or 5-(2'-quinolyl)tetrazolato (2-QTZ(-)), were prepared and fully characterized. In all cases, the regioselective coordination of the Re(I) center through the N2 atom of the tetrazolato ring was observed. This particular feature ensures the availability of the diiminic (N^N) site that was systematically incorporated into the structure of the 2-PTZ(-) and 2-QTZ(-) ligands for further coordination with metal cations.

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest Time on Steviol Glycosides, Flavonoid Composition, and Antioxidant Properties in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.

This work investigated the effect of nitrogen fertilization and harvest time on the flavonoid composition and antioxidant properties of Stevia rebaudiana leaves. At the same time, changes in stevioside (Stev) and rebaudioside A (RebA) contents were recorded. A pot trial under open air conditions was set up, testing five N rates and three harvest times.

Effects of combined ozone and cadmium stresses on leaf traits in two poplar clones.

Information on plant responses to combined stresses such as ozone (O3) and cadmium (Cd) is scarce in tree species. On the other hand, high O3 concentrations in the atmosphere and heavy metal contaminations in water and soil simultaneously affect forest ecosystems. Toxic metals may exacerbate the consequences of air pollutants.

Presumptive myocarditis with ST-Elevation myocardial infarction presentation in young males as a new syndrome. Clinical significance and long term follow up.

Background: Acute myocarditis may mimic myocardial infarction, since affected patients complain of "typical" chest pain, the ECG changes are identical to those observed in acute coronary syndromes, and serum markers are increased. We describe a case series of presumptive myocarditis with ST segment elevation on admission ECG.

Methods And Results: From 1998 to 2009, 21 patients (20 males; age 17-42 years) were admitted with chest pain, persistent ST segment elevation, serum enzyme and troponine release.

Short-term postharvest carbon dioxide treatments induce selective molecular and metabolic changes in grape berries.

Detached wine grapes ( Vitis vinifera cv. 'Trebbiano', white skinned) were treated for 3 days with 30 kPa of CO(2) and then transferred to air for an additional 9 days to partially dehydrate (about 20% weight loss). At the end of the CO(2) treatment on withering berries, total polyphenols and flavonoids were maintained in the skin, but to a more limited extent in the pulp.

[Atrail fibrillation and heart failure: a complex relationship].

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) often coexist in the same patient, not only because they can result from the same heart disease, but also because each of them can directly lead to the other. In the genesis of AF, structural, electrical and functional factors share a key role, but the importance of any of them is variable, according to the different clinical situations. AF causes atrial changes, electrical, anatomical or both, that can result in maintenance, recurrence and even irreversibility of the arrhythmia.