The Use of Postoperative Compression Garments in Plastic Surgery-Necessary or Not? A Practical Review.

This practical review critically evaluates the evidence behind the widespread use of postoperative compression therapy intended to improve surgical outcomes, such as reduced edema, ecchymosis, pain, and seroma formation. A literature search of PubMed was conducted to identify relevant studies concerning the use of compression garments after aesthetic surgery, including rhinoplasty, facelift, neck lift, mammoplasty, abdominoplasty, limb contouring, and others. Additionally, reconstructive and therapeutic procedures closely related in anatomy or technique to these cosmetic operations, such as breast reconstruction, mastectomy, and hernia repair, were also considered to provide further perspective.

Another Day, Another 82 Cents: A National Survey Assessing Gender-based Wage Differences in Board-certified Plastic Surgeons.

Background: Of 7461 actively practicing United States American Board of Plastic Surgery certified plastic surgeons, only 17% are women. In relation to this small number, gender inequities within the field have been the source of national discussions. Our study assessed the status of the gender-based wage-gap in plastic surgery and sought to identify possible causes.

Multimodal Analgesia in the Aesthetic Plastic Surgery: Concepts and Strategies.

Unlabelled: Postoperative pain management is crucial for aesthetic plastic surgery procedures. Poorly controlled postoperative pain results in negative physiologic effects and can affect length of stay and patient satisfaction. In light of the growing opioid epidemic, plastic surgeons must be keenly familiar with opioid-sparing multimodal analgesia regimens to optimize postoperative pain control.

Ethical Dilemmas in Global Plastic Surgery: Divergent Perspectives of Local and Visiting Surgeons.

Background: As more of the world's resources are directed toward improving patient access to safe surgical and anesthesia care, there is a growing concern that volunteer surgeons' "desire to help" has numerous unintended consequences. The purpose of this study was to ask in-country, local surgeons and visiting volunteer plastic surgeons about the frequency of ethical dilemmas for different types of global surgery collaborations and to assess their perception of compliance with the concepts of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.

Methods: A cross-sectional email survey tool was sent to a representative sample of domestic American Society of Plastic Surgeons members, all international members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and international partners of the Volunteers in Plastic Surgery committee of the Plastic Surgery Foundation.

Analysis of Adverse Effects of Multimodal Gabapentin in Abdominal Wall Reconstruction.

Background: Multimodal analgesia, a key component of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols, emphasizes the use of nonopioid analgesics. Preoperative and postoperative gabapentin is often included within multimodal analgesia because it has been shown to reduce postoperative opioid use. However, the role of gabapentin has been questioned because of concerns of adverse effects, particularly in the elderly.

Practical Review of the Management of Animal Bites.

Unlabelled: Animal bites are common worldwide. Due to the plethora of animals, there are diverse pathogens with specific associated risks and treatment algorithms. It is crucial to understand these to develop and execute appropriate management plans.

Philanthropy in Plastic Surgery: Best Practices and Measuring Impact.

Background: Philanthropy in plastic surgery supports research, clinical care, academic infrastructure, and education in the United States and internationally. Plastic surgeons have opportunities to innovatively address unmet needs in their local and global communities by forming philanthropic nonprofit organizations.

Methods: The authors queried three national philanthropic databases (Charity Navigator, Guidestar, and ProPublica) for Internal Revenue Service 990 form tax return information related to philanthropic plastic surgery organizations.

Evidence-Based Wound Irrigation: Separating Fact from Fiction.

The relationship between wound irrigation and healing has been recognized for centuries. However, there is little evidence and no official recommendations from any health care organization regarding best wound irrigation practices. This is the first review of wound irrigation that systematically summarizes the literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and distills the evidence into a practical format.

The Cost of Applying to Integrated Plastic Surgery Residency.

Unlabelled: Integrated plastic surgery remains one of the most competitive specialties within the National Resident Matching Program. Although the burden of applying to surgical residencies has been studied, the literature lacks data specific to integrated plastic surgery applicants. This study reports the current total cost, along with the outcomes of applying to and interviewing for integrated plastic surgery residency.

Implications of Pass/Fail Step 1 Scoring: Plastic Surgery Program Director and Applicant Perspective.

Unlabelled: As early as 2022, United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 results will be reported as pass or fail, rather than as 3-digit numeric scores. This survey examines the perspectives of plastic surgery applicants and program directors (PD) regarding this score reporting change.

Methods: A 24-item survey was distributed to integrated applicants from the 2018-19 and 2019-20 application cycles.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 State Guidelines on Elective Surgery: Considerations for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons.

Unlabelled: Vague recommendations regarding elective surgery have been proposed by national organizations in an attempt to conserve personal protective equipment and to protect healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In response, some states have attempted to provide more clear guidance.

Methods: An internet search was performed to identify and analyze what guidance each state published through government websites through April 10, 2020.

The Impact of COVID-19-based Suspension of Surgeries on Plastic Surgery Practices: A Survey of ACAPS Members.

Unlabelled: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a drastic decline in the number of elective surgeries performed in the United States. Many national societies and local governments provided recommendations for surgeons to initially suspend and progressively resume elective surgery. The authors used a survey to the American Council of Academic Plastic Surgeons (ACAPS) to assess the effect on plastic surgeons.

A Summary of Recommendations for Plastic Surgeons during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak.

Unlabelled: The coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak presents unique challenges to the healthcare system. The lack of unified guidelines on what constitutes left plastic surgeons without a clear framework to guide their practices. More urgently, the ambiguity in defining elective surgery leaves plastic surgeons without clear guidance as states begin to phase in these procedures.

Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction in the Time of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

Background: Breast reconstruction has a well-documented positive impact on the psychosocial well-being of women recovering from breast cancer. Rates of breast cancer diagnoses are rising, and more women are seeking mastectomy as treatment and as prophylaxis.

Methods: Postmastectomy breast reconstruction often begins at the time of mastectomy in coordination with the oncologic breast surgeons.

Elective surgery in the time of COVID-19.

• The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a significant strain on the United States health care system. • Healthcare workers are rapidly altering their professional responsibilities to help meet hospital needs. • Surgeons have witnessed a dramatic change in their practices with rapidly decreasing elective surgery.

A Review of State Guidelines for Elective Orthopaedic Procedures During the COVID-19 Outbreak.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in widespread cancellation of elective orthopaedic procedures. The guidance coming from multiple sources frequently has been difficult to assimilate as well as dynamic, with constantly changing standards. We seek to communicate the current guidelines published by each state, to discuss the impact of these guidelines on orthopaedic surgery, and to provide the general framework used to determine which procedures have been postponed at our institution.

Pain Management in Plastic Surgery.

Poorly controlled postoperative pain is associated with worse clinical outcomes and negative patient experiences. Surgeons play a crucial role in optimizing postoperative pain and minimizing narcotic use. This article reviews pain management strategies available to plastic surgeons based on therapeutic class of medication and provides a framework for pain management based on Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols.

The Use of Botulinum Toxin in Pain Management: Basic Science and Clinical Applications.

Pain is an unpleasant experience resulting from either tissue damage or insults to the somatosensory system. Approaches to pain management evolve as we better understand both pain pathways and the tools available to interrupt these. The interest surrounding botulinum neurotoxin as a chemodenervating agent has expanded to include its potential applications in painful pathologies, both within and beyond the confines of plastic surgery.

Cost-Effectiveness of Long-Term, Targeted OnabotulinumtoxinA versus Peripheral Trigger Site Deactivation Surgery for the Treatment of Refractory Migraine Headaches.

Background: Chronic migraines affect approximately 2 percent of the U.S. population and cost an estimated $17 billion per year.

Silver in Wound Care-Friend or Foe?: A Comprehensive Review.

Unlabelled: Due to its strong antimicrobial activity, silver is a commonly used adjunct in wound care. However, it also has the potential to impair healing by exerting toxic effects on keratinocytes and fibroblasts. The published literature on the use of silver in wound care is very heterogeneous, making it difficult to generate useful treatment guidelines.

Description of Mexican Cleft Surgeons' Experience With Foreign Surgical Volunteer Missions in Mexico.

Background And Purpose: Mexican cleft surgeons provide multidisciplinary comprehensive cleft lip and palate care to children in Mexico. Many Mexican cleft surgeons have extensive experience with foreign, visiting surgeons. The purpose of this study was to characterize Mexican cleft surgeons' domestic and volunteer practice and to learn more about Mexican cleft surgeons' experience with visiting surgeons.

Predictors, Quality Markers, and Economics of Volunteering Internationally: Results from a Comprehensive Survey of American Society of Plastic Surgeons Members.

Background: Plastic surgeons have a long history of international volunteer work. To date, there have been no outcome-based studies among surgeons who volunteer internationally. The purpose of this study was to describe predictors of volunteering, clinical quality markers, and economics of international volunteering among American plastic surgeons.

Effect of Surgeon Volume and Craniofacial Fellowship Training on Cleft Palate Complication Rates.

Background: Both the general and pediatric surgical literature have evidenced an inverse relationship between surgical case volume and complications. This study seeks to ascertain the relationship between case volume and fistula rates in cleft palate patients. We also seek to determine if craniofacial fellowship training impacts fistula rates.