Orthodontic-care burden for patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate.

Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) cause severe malocclusion, which requires numerous orthodontic interventions in specialized centers. There is little literature regarding the overall orthodontic burden of care for these patients.

Objectives: The aim of the study was the evaluation of orthodontic-care burden for patients treated in the Division of Facial Abnormalities at the Department of Dentofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics of Wroclaw Medical University in Poland.

Z-score differences based on cross-sectional growth charts do not reflect the growth rate of very low birth weight infants.

Objective: To test whether the assessment of growth in very low birth weight infants during the hospital stay using z-score differences (Zdiff) is confounded by gestational age (GA), birth weight percentiles (BW%ile), and length of the observation period (LOP). We hypothesize that Zdiff calculated from growth charts based on birth weight data introduces a systematic statistical error leading to falsely classified growth as restricted in infants growing similarly to the 50th percentile.

Methods: This observational study included 6,926 VLBW infants from the German Neonatal Network (2009 to 2015).

Maternal body mass index and smoking during pregnancy do not affect the proportional sexual dimorphism for birth weight- an analysis of the German Perinatal Survey.

Male sex has been reported as a risk factor for perinatal mortality. It can be hypothesized that smoking during pregnancy and low maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) would lead to a higher proportion of growth restricted male compared to female newborns. The objective of the study was to analyze sex-specific differences in birth weight related to smoking and maternal BMI.

Craniofacial and Dental Manifestations of Melnick-Needles Syndrome: Literature Review and Orthodontic Management.

The aim of this article was to present a characteristic clinical image of Melnick-Needles syndrome using an example of an 11.5-year-old female patient treated at the Facial Congenital Disorders Outpatient Clinic as well as to present the actual literature review of the surgical treatment. The patient was diagnosed with several characteristics typical for Melnick-Needles syndrome: single-sided hearing loss, malocclusion, and facial dysmorphism, among others.

Minimum Duration of Antibiotic Treatment Based on Blood Culture in Rule Out Neonatal Sepsis.

Background: Neonatologists usually wait 48 hours for blood culture results before deciding to discontinue antibiotics. The objective of the study was to analyze time to positive blood culture in rule out sepsis and estimate the minimum duration of antibiotics.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of blood culture at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, McMaster Children's Hospital (January 2004 to December 2013) using BacT/Alert® 3D microbial system was conducted.

Saethre-Chotzen syndrome: Case report and literature review.

Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (SCS) belongs to a group of rare congenital disorders connected with craniosynostosis and syndactyly. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the literature, to collect all reported symptoms and to describe the case of an 11-year-old female with SCS. The electronic databases PubMed and Scopus were searched to gain all symptoms of SCS described in the literature.

Maternal body height is a stronger predictor of birth weight than ethnicity: analysis of birth weight percentile charts.

Background Anthropometric parameters such as birth weight (BW) and adult body height vary between ethnic groups. Ethnic-specific percentile charts are currently being used for the assessment of newborns. However, due to globalization and interethnic families, it is unclear which charts should be used.

Prevalence and correlation between TMD based on RDC/TMD diagnoses, oral parafunctions and psychoemotional stress in Polish university students.

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and oral parafunctions, as well as their correlation with psychoemotional factors in Polish university students. The research was conducted in a group of 456 students (N = 456). The examination form comprised of two parts: survey and clinical examination.

[Fortified food products as a potential source of folic acid in human nutrition].

The aim of the study was to analysis the number and variety offoodproducts fortified with folic acid available on the Warsaw market and to assess consumers' knowledge about these products. Information about food products was based on label declaration, in summer 2009. In addition knowledge about fortified food was studied in the group of 94 market customers.

[Interdisciplinary approach to onychophagia].

Onychophagy is classified to the nail diseases caused by repeated injures. Nail-biting as autodestruction and onychophagy in its most aggressive form, is common not only among children but adults as well. Nail-biting in children belongs to the group of habits and habitual function, which allowed for relieving the anxiety, loneliness, inactivity in children deprived of safety feeling, love and nearest relationship.