Experience Starting an Addiction Medicine Practice-based Research Network.

Objectives: This paper outlines the experience developing Addiction Medicine Practice-Based Research Network (AMNet), which promotes the adoption of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and measurement-based care in outpatient addiction treatment practices and creates a platform for quality improvement and research.

Methods: From August 2019 to July 2023, the AMNet team selected patient-reported outcome measures for implementation in the American Psychiatric Association's clinical data registry (PsychPRO), recruited addiction medicine providers, and collected PROMs data.

Results: AMNet selected 12 PROMs for implementation in PsychPRO.

Almost 79% survival rate at 10-year follow-up for the patellofemoral joint arthroplasty: An Italian prosthetic registry study.

Purpose: The aims of the present study were (1) to evaluate the survival of patellofemoral joint (PFJ) arthroplasty in a large cohort of patients using data obtained from an Italian regional arthroplasty registry and (2) to collect clinical outcomes of a subgroup of patients, with a minimum follow-up of 4 years. The hypotheses were that PFJ arthroplasty is a procedure that had good survival and clinical outcomes, not inferior to those reported in the literature for primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: The Register of Orthopaedic Prosthetic Implants (RIPO) of Emilia-Romagna (ER) (Italy) database was searched for the inclusion of all PFJ arthroplasties implanted between 2003 and 2019.

A Lateral Extra-articular Procedure Reduces the Failure Rate of Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery Without Increasing Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Lateral extra-articular procedures are becoming increasingly popular in association with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, especially in patients with persistent rotatory instability and in a high-risk population. However, few studies have investigated the outcomes of the lateral extra-articular procedure as an associated procedure in an ACL revision (R-ACLR) setting and its benefit with respect to isolated intra-articular reconstruction.

Hypothesis: Lateral extra-articular procedures reduce the failure rate of revision ACL reconstruction (R-ACLR).

Patient Engagement in and Adaptations to Delivery of Outpatient Care for Opioid Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: The authors investigated adaptations to outpatient care delivery and changes in treatment demand and engagement among patients receiving medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in the months after the declaration of the COVID-19 public health emergency in 2020.

Methods: Data were collected through an online survey (June-November 2020) of outpatient MOUD prescribers. The survey obtained information on outpatient practices' adaptations to MOUD treatment and urine drug screening (UDS) and elicited provider views on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patient demand for, and engagement in, treatment.

Good long-term patients reported outcomes, return-to-work and return-to-sport rate and survivorship after posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-based multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) with posteromedial corner tears as significant risk factor for failure.

Purpose: To assess the survival rate and associated risk factors of a wide cohort of patient's underwent surgical treatment for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-based multiligament knee injury (MLKI) at long-term follow-up and to investigate the long-term patient's reported outcomes (PROMS) and functional activity.

Methods: All cases of PCL-based MLKI performed at one single sport-medicine institution were extracted and patient's with a minimum 2 years of follow-up included. VAS, Lysholm, KOOS, Tegner Activity level scores, the incidence and time of return to sport (RTS) and return to work (RTW) were collected before, after surgery and at final follow-up.

Gambling, tobacco use, and health among individuals in substance use disorder treatment.

Background And Objectives: Gambling is highly comorbid with disordered use of tobacco and other drugs, and may increase relapse risk among substance use disorder (SUD) patients. We investigated associations between gambling and tobacco use behaviors among SUD patients to inform clinical care.

Methods: Patients (N = 651, 170 female) from 25 residential SUD treatment programs in California completed surveys about tobacco use, health, and gambling.

Satisfactory long-term outcomes for combined anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and lateral closing wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Purpose: A combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is considered a valuable treatment in young patients affected by symptomatic medial osteoarthritis and ACL deficiency. However, only a few studies have investigated the outcomes of this procedure, especially in the long term. Therefore, the aim of this study is to report clinical and radiographic outcomes of ACL reconstruction and lateral closing wedge HTO at a mean of 14 years of follow-up.

Addressing nutrition and physical activity in substance use disorder treatment: Client reports from a wellness-oriented, tobacco-free policy intervention.

Introduction: Interest in wellness interventions in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment is growing although evidence remains limited. This study evaluated nutrition, physical activity, nutrition and physical activity counseling, and relationships of counseling with wellness behavior before and after a wellness-oriented, tobacco-free policy intervention in 17 residential SUD programs.

Methods: Clients completed cross-sectional surveys reporting sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, physical activity, and receipt of nutrition and physical activity counseling before (n= 434) and after (n = 422) an 18-month intervention.

Smoking Behavior and Wellness among Individuals in Substance Use Disorder Treatment.

Tobacco-related morbidity and mortality disproportionately affect people with substance use disorders (SUD). Encouraging overall wellness may support tobacco use cessation. We investigated relationships between wellness (health status, physical activity, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption), cigarette smoking, and smoking cessation among SUD treatment patients to inform clinical care.

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Tobacco Use and Cessation Services among Individuals in Substance Use Treatment.

Few studies explore racial/ethnic disparities in tobacco use and access to cessation services among people with substance use disorders (SUD). We collected data from Hispanics ( = 255), non-Hispanic Whites ( = 195), and non-Hispanic Blacks ( = 126) across 24 Californian residential SUD treatment programs. Data were analyzed via regression models adjusting for demographics, cigarettes per day, past quit attempts, intent to quit in the next 30 days, and physical health status.

: Latino Culture, Shared Experiences, and Recovery in Northern Californian Anexos.

This article examines the 's use of Latino culture and shared experiences to promote recovery and its appeal to 1.5- and second-generation Latinos. are grassroots recovery groups with origins in Mexico that offer a residential Alcoholics Anonymous program in Latino communities.

Addiction Medicine Practice-Based Research Network (AMNet): Assessment Tools and Quality Measures.

Introduction: The need for innovative approaches to address the opioid epidemic in the United States is widely recognized. Many challenges exist to addressing this epidemic, including the obstacles outpatient substance use treatment practices face in implementing measurement-based care (MBC), quality measurement systems, and evidence-based treatments. Also, there are insufficient opportunities for clinicians in these settings to participate in research, resulting in diminished translation of research findings into community-based practice.

Addiction Medicine Practice-Based Research Network (AMNet): Building Partnerships.

This column describes the collaboration among the American Psychiatric Association (APA), American Society of Addiction Medicine, Friends Research Institute, and the National Institute on Drug Abuse to create the Addiction Medicine Practice-Based Research Network (AMNet). The collaboration, which aims to address the opioid overdose epidemic in the United States, leverages the APA's clinical data registry (PsychPRO) and is recruiting office-based addiction medicine and addiction psychiatry practices for AMNet. AMNet aims to address knowledge gaps regarding patient care in such practices, facilitate performance improvement efforts, and serve as a research platform.

Impacts of COVID-19 on residential treatment programs for substance use disorder.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic may present special challenges for residential substance use disorder (SUD) treatment facilities, which may lack infrastructure and support to implement infection control protocols while maintaining on-site treatment services. However, little is known about how residential SUD treatment programs are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The research team conducted semi-structured interviews with 17 directors of 20 residential SUD treatment programs across California during the state's shelter-in-place order.

Place management in off-premise alcohol outlets: Results of a multi-methods study in a six-city California area.

Background: Associations between neighborhood crime and alcohol outlets are often theorized as resulting from poor place management. Barriers and supports to place management have been examined for on-premise (bars, restaurants) but not for off-premise alcohol outlets. Few studies have assessed place management issues across a range of off-premise outlet and neighborhood types, and none have included the perspectives of off-premise outlet managers themselves.

Gender Differences in Smoking Among an Urban Emergency Department Sample.

Background: Urban emergency department (ED) patients have elevated smoking and substance use compared with the general population. We analyzed gender differences in smoking among an urban ED sample and assessed the contribution of substance use, demographic, and couple factors.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data obtained from a cross-sectional, observational survey (N = 1037 participants) on drinking, drug use, and intimate partner violence (IPV).

Late night environments: Bar "morphing" increases risky alcohol sales in on-premise outlets.

Niche theory proposes that in areas of high alcohol availability, alcohol sales outlets will compete for patrons by diversifying their operating characteristics to provide a diversity of drinking contexts. We aimed to characterize features of outlet operations which contribute to increased risk for alcohol problems across communities. We conducted ethnographic observations in 97 on-premise outlets across 6 California cities and interviewed staff and patrons in a subsample of these.

Differences in tobacco use prevalence, behaviors, and cessation services by race/ethnicity: A survey of persons in addiction treatment.

Background: Disparities in tobacco use prevalence, behaviors, and services have been identified among people of different racial and ethnic groups in the United States general population. Persons in addiction treatment have among the highest smoking prevalence of any population. However, little is known about racial and ethnic disparities in tobacco use prevalence, behaviors, and services among persons in addiction treatment.

Impacts of alcohol availability on Tribal lands where alcohol is prohibited: A community-partnered qualitative investigation.

On a Northern Plains reservation where alcohol was prohibited, we investigated community members' views on the impacts of alcohol availability. Our methods combined elements of Tribal community participatory research with qualitative inquiry to elicit these perspectives. We used rapid appraisal techniques to conduct confidential interviews with 31 key leaders representing 7 relevant major community systems, and representing a variety of perspectives.

Menthol cigarette smoking among individuals in treatment for substance use disorders.

There are higher rates of menthol cigarette smoking within certain population subgroups. Limited research has examined menthol use among individuals in treatment for substance use disorders (SUD), a population with a high prevalence of cigarette smoking, poor smoking cessation outcomes, and high tobacco disease burden. Survey data were collected from 863 smokers sampled from 24 SUD treatment programs affiliated with the NIDA Clinical Trials Network (CTN) in the United States.

Cigarette smoking and quit attempts among Latinos in substance use disorder treatment.

Background: Differences in tobacco use behaviors have been identified between Latinos and non-Latino whites in the general US population. Little is known about cigarette smoking and quitting behaviors of Latinos in treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs), who represent two major tobacco-vulnerable groups.

Objectives: To compare, in a national sample of persons enrolled in SUD treatment, demographic, drug use, and smoking and quitting prevalence and behaviors between Latinos and non-Latino whites.

Addiction Treatment Clients' Reactions to Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs.

Graphic warning labels (GWLs) on cigarette packs have been tested among diverse groups at high risk for tobacco use. However, little is known about the effectiveness of GWL interventions for persons with substance use disorders, whose smoking prevalence is 3 to 4 times that of the general population. After an experimental study which exposed clients in residential addiction treatment to GWLs for 30 days, we conducted five focus groups with trial participants ( = 33) to explore how exposure to the labels may have impacted their readiness to quit smoking.

Ethnographic research in immigrant-specific drug abuse recovery houses.

Access to study populations is a major concern for drug use and treatment researchers. Spaces related to drug use and treatment have varying levels of researcher accessibility based on several issues, including legality, public versus private settings, and insider/outsider status. Ethnographic research methods are indispensable for gaining and maintaining access to hidden or "hard-to-reach" populations.

The in Northern California: An Alcoholics Anonymous-Based Recovery Residence in Latino Communities.

Our ethnographic study on help-seeking pathways of Latino immigrants in northern California reveals that they turn to in their treatment and recovery quest. are linguistically- and culturally-specific recovery houses with origins in Mexico and Alcoholics Anonymous and a long history in Latino communities across the United States. Drawing on the findings of our study, we characterize the and compare them to other recovery residences using National Alliance for Recovery Residences (NARR) criteria.

A Comparison of Daily Versus Weekly Electronic Cigarette Users in Treatment for Substance Abuse.

Objective: This research examined electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use by individuals in treatment for substance abuse, a population with a high prevalence of tobacco use and poor smoking cessation outcomes.

Methods: We surveyed 1127 individuals from 24 substance abuse treatment centers across the United States. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were used to examine factors associated with daily (N = 87) versus weekly (N = 81) e-cigarette use.