The immunobiology of corneal HSV-1 infection and herpetic stromal keratitis.

SUMMARYHuman alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1) is a highly successful neurotropic pathogen that primarily infects the epithelial cells lining the orofacial mucosa. After primary lytic replication in the oral, ocular, and nasal mucosal epithelial cells, HSV-1 establishes life-long latency in neurons within the trigeminal ganglion. Patients with compromised immune systems experience frequent reactivation of HSV-1 from latency, leading to virus entry in the sensory neurons, followed by anterograde transport and lytic replication at the innervated mucosal epithelial surface.

Postoperative Astigmatism after Keratoplasty: A Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Based on PRISMA.

: The number of corneal transplants is rising, with the aim to treat a spectrum of diseases ranging from dystrophies to corneal opacities caused by trauma or chemical burns. Refractive outcomes after this procedure are often impossible to predict and associated with high levels of astigmatism. However, there are many techniques that affect the reduction of astigmatism and improve the quality of life of patients.

Advanced Anterior Eye Segment Imaging for Ichthyosis.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to describe ocular surface and anterior eye segment findings in various types of ichthyoses.

Methods: This was a single-center prospective observational study. The study group consisted of five patients (P1-P5) aged 13-66 years.

TFOS Lifestyle Report: Impact of environmental conditions on the ocular surface.

Environmental risk factors that have an impact on the ocular surface were reviewed and associations with age and sex, race/ethnicity, geographical area, seasonality, prevalence and possible interactions between risk factors are reviewed. Environmental factors can be (a) climate-related: temperature, humidity, wind speed, altitude, dew point, ultraviolet light, and allergen or (b) outdoor and indoor pollution: gases, particulate matter, and other sources of airborne pollutants. Temperature affects ocular surface homeostasis directly and indirectly, precipitating ocular surface diseases and/or symptoms, including trachoma.

The Need for Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Study Based on the Polish National Registry.

Introduction: The Polish National AMD Therapeutic Program offered us a unique opportunity to determine the need for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: A search, extraction, and analysis of data from the monitoring system of the Therapeutic Program of the National Health Fund was performed. Demographic data from the Central Statistical Office were also obtained and analyzed.

Raman Spectroscopic Study of Amyloid Deposits in Gelatinous Drop-like Corneal Dystrophy.

The genetic and histopathological features of the cornea of a Polish patient with Gelatinous Drop-like Corneal Dystrophy (GDCD) and the molecular composition with Raman spectroscopy of corneal deposits were examined. A 62 year-old Polish woman was diagnosed with GDCD and underwent penetrating corneal transplant. A blood sample was collected, and genetic analysis was performed.

Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane: Microvasculature Analysis with Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Background: The present study examined the relationships among macular microvasculature, retinal structure, and epiretinal membrane (ERM) and explored the utility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) in idiopathic ERM assessment.

Methods: The study sample comprised 276 eyes of 276 patients. A total of 154 eyes with ERM and 122 normal (control) eyes were analyzed.

Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of a Selected Eye's Anterior Segment Parameters in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome.

Background: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is a systemic, age-related disorder characterized by the production and accumulation of pseudoexfoliation material. To date, detailed characteristics have not been published regarding the iridocorneal angle and cornea in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome determined through swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Methods: A total of 150 eyes of patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (ages 69-86 years) and 166 eyes in a control group (ages 54-79 years) were analyzed.

Peripheral Retinal Degenerations and Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane: Analysis with Ultra-Wide-Field Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy.

Background: The present study examined the relationships among retinal structure, peripheral retinal abnormalities, and epiretinal membrane (ERM) and explored the utility of ultra-wide-field laser scanning ophthalmoscopy in idiopathic ERM assessment.

Methods: The study sample comprised 276 eyes of 276 patients. Ultra-wide field fundus imaging was performed without mydriasis using Optos California.

Detailed corneal and genetic characteristics of a pediatric patient with macular corneal dystrophy - case report.

Background: Corneal dystrophies are a group of rare, inherited disorders that are usually bilateral, symmetric, slowly progressive, and not related to environmental or systemic factors. The majority of publications present the advanced form of the disease with a typical clinical demonstration. The initial signs and symptoms of different epithelial and stromal corneal dystrophies are not specific; therefore, it is very important to establish the early characteristic corneal features of these disorders that could guide the diagnostic process.

A Retrospective Study of Herpetic Keratitis in Patients with Keratoconus after Crosslinking Surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent cross-linking for keratoconus, in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, between 2011 and 2020, regarding the occurrence of herpetic keratitis after the procedure.

Methods: We analyzed the medical history of 543 patients who underwent cross-linking surgery.

Results: In the analyzed group, there were nine cases of herpetic keratitis (six men and three women), aged from 16 to 40 years (mean 26.

Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of the Selected Eye's Anterior Segment Parameters.

Background: The present study determined the mean reference values of the anterior segment parameters of the selected eye using swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in healthy Caucasian participants.

Methods: A total of 166 volunteers (age 54-79 years), women ( = 92) and men ( = 74), were analyzed. One eye of each subject was randomly selected for anterior segment imaging.

The Influence of Work Environment Factors on the OcularSurface in a One-Year Follow-Up Prospective Clinical Study.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of environmental working conditions on the symptoms and signs of dry eye disease and to examine whether and how those conditions impact the ocular surface.

Methods: This single-center, prospective clinical study with a 1-year follow-up included 150 patients. The following parameters were evaluated: non-invasive keratograph break-up time (NIKBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), and conjunctival and limbal hyperemia.

Corneal Analysis with Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Coexisting Cataract and Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.

This study focused on defining the characteristic features of keratometry and pachymetry elevation maps based on swept source optical coherence tomography (SS OCT) in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) eyes with a coexisting cataract. 70 eyes of 35 patients diagnosed with FECD and a coexisting cataract and 70 control eyes were included in this prospective, controlled, observational, cross-sectional study. Features characteristic of intermediately affected eyes included an increased corneal thinnest thickness (CTT) ( = 0.

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of the Microcystic Keratitis.

Purpose: To describe the findings of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in a case of bilateral acute microcystic epitheliopathy after daily soft contact lens wear.

Methods: IVCM and AS-OCT were used in the course of the bilateral epitheliopathy of a 23-year-old patient at the acute stage of the disease and at recovery after four days of treatment. The images were analyzed and compared.

Seven-Year Analysis of Microbial Keratitis Tendency at an Ophthalmology Department in Poland: A Single-Center Study.

This study aimed to analyze the frequency, drug susceptibility, and drug resistance of pathogens causing microbial keratitis (a corneal inflammation) in the Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice. Despite intensive treatment, severe inflammation causes irreversible blindness in ∼7% of cases and eye loss (evisceration or enucleation of the eyeball) in ∼1% of cases at our hospital. The choice of a targeted drug depends on the culture result and drug resistance of the microorganism.

Corneal complication after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: A case report.

Rationale: The femtosecond laser LDV Z 8 is unique, and the only femtosecond laser used in ophthalmic microsurgery, which is characterized by low-energy near-infrared (1030 nm) femtosecond single pulses in the nano-Joule range and a very high repetition rate in the MHz range. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of unintentional partial corneal incision in the anterior part of a stroma by the femtosecond laser.

Patient Concerns: A 79-year-old patient was referred to our clinic for cataract surgery.

Acute macular edema and serous detachment on the first day after phacoemulsification surgery: A case report.

Purpose: To report a case of an acute macular edema with serous retinal detachment on the first day after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery with the use of a standard dose of intracameral cefuroxime at the end of the surgery.

Observations: A 46-year-old man underwent a technically uneventful right eye phacoemulsification surgery using a standard dose (1mg/0.1mL) of cefuroxime solution injected into the anterior chamber at the end of the surgery.

Comparison of the selected parameters of the anterior segment of the eye between femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery, microincision cataract surgery, and conventional phacoemulsification: A case-control study.

The purpose of our study was to compare the selected parameters of the anterior segment of the eye in patients after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) with the results of microincision cataract surgery (MICS) and conventional phacoemulsification surgery (CPS). This single-center prospective randomized comparative observational study included 87 patients. Patients were randomly selected into group A (FLACS), group B (MICS) and group C (control group).

Traumatic cataract in patient with anterior megalophthalmos: Case report.

Rationale: Megalophthalmos anterior is a rare, bilateral, nonprogressive, hereditary, congenital disorder, characterized by the enlargement of all anterior segment structures of the eye, with megalocornea, iris atrophy, and zonular abnormalities commonly found. Usually almost asymptomatic in young patients, with most complaints concerning blurred vision due to the common corneal astigmatism, it might in time lead to several complications including premature cataract formation and pigmentary glaucoma.

Patient Concerns: This review presents the case of a 47-year old patient referred to our clinic for traumatic cataract surgery, with striking bilateral megalocornea, somehow overlooked during previous ophthalmic examinations in his local outpatient clinic.

Comparative Confocal and Histopathological Study of Corneal Changes in Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: Corneal opacities rarely occur in multiple myeloma (MM). Our study correlates the findings of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), a useful diagnostic tool, with histopathological features of corneal opacities appearing in a patient with MM.

Methods: Case report.

A quantitative method for assessing the quality of meibomian glands.

Introduction: Meibomian gland dysfunction is a common cause of dry eye syndrome which can also lead to eyelid inflammation. Today, diagnostics of meibomian glands is not fully automatic yet and is based on a qualitative assessment made by an ophthalmologist. Therefore, this article proposes a new automatic analysis method which provides a quantitative assessment of meibomian gland dysfunction.