Ophthalmic Pathology in the Offspring of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Gestational diabetes (GD) occurs in 5.8% to 25.1% of pregnant women.

Graft-free Ahmed tube insertion: a modified method at 5 mm from limbus.

Objective: To determine the medium-term outcome of Ahmed implants inserted through a needle tract at 5 mm from limbus that eliminates the need for a donor scleral graft.

Methods: A retrospective case series of 19 patients undergoing Ahmed implant surgery for refractory glaucoma with a mean follow-up of 12 months. Primary outcome measures included control of intraocular pressure after surgery.