The role of physical activity in obesity: let's actively manage obesity.

Obesity, physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are major public health concerns. A complex interaction of many factors leads to obesity, which requires an individualised multicomponent management strategy. As new interventions become available to help individuals manage obesity, it is essential that physical activity remains a core part of the approach.

Relative changes in brain and kidney biomarkers with Exertional Heat Illness during a cool weather marathon.

Background: Medical personnel may find it challenging to distinguish severe Exertional Heat Illness (EHI), with attendant risks of organ-injury and longer-term sequalae, from lesser forms of incapacity associated with strenuous physical exertion. Early evidence for injury at point-of-incapacity could aid the development and application of targeted interventions to improve outcomes. We aimed to investigate whether biomarker surrogates for end-organ damage sampled at point-of-care (POC) could discriminate EHI versus successful marathon performance.

Biogeomorphic influences on river corridor resilience to wildfire disturbances in a mountain stream of the Southern Rockies, USA.

We examine a 9.4-km-long portion of a montane river corridor in the Southern Rockies, the upper 8 km of which burned in 2020. We focus on sediment storage in logjam backwaters and how spatial heterogeneity in the river corridor attenuates downstream fluxes of material following the wildfire.

Marching to the Beet: The effect of dietary nitrate supplementation on high altitude exercise performance and adaptation during a military trekking expedition.

Purpose: The aim was to investigate the effect of dietary nitrate supplementation (in the form of beetroot juice, BRJ) for 20 days on salivary nitrite (a potential precursor of bioactive nitric oxide), exercise performance and high altitude (HA) acclimatisation in field conditions (hypobaric hypoxia).

Methods: This was a single-blinded randomised control study of 22 healthy adult participants (12 men, 10 women, mean age 28 ± 12 years) across a HA military expedition. Participants were randomised pre-ascent to receive two 70 ml dose per day of either BRJ (~12.

The Effects of Apnea Training, Using Voluntary Breath Holds, on High Altitude Acclimation: Breathe-High Altitude Study.

There is evidence that intermittent hypoxic exposure (IHE) may improve high altitude (HA) performance. In this study, the effects of short-term IHE through voluntary apnea training on HA-related symptoms, including acute mountain sickness (AMS), were examined for the first time. Forty healthy adults were randomized to a self-administered apnea training ( = 19) or control ( = 21 no apnea training) group before ascent to an altitude of 5100 m in the Himalayas over 14 days.

Characterization and control of the microbial community affiliated with copper or aluminum heat exchangers of HVAC systems.

Microbial growth in heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems with the subsequent contamination of indoor air is of increasing concern. Microbes and the subsequent biofilms grow easily within heat exchangers. A comparative study where heat exchangers fabricated from antimicrobial copper were evaluated for their ability to limit microbial growth was conducted using a full-scale HVAC system under conditions of normal flow rates using single-pass outside air.

A phase I study to determine the effect of tamoxifen on the pharmacokinetics of a single 250 mg oral dose of gefitinib (IRESSA) in healthy male volunteers.

Objectives: To determine the effect of tamoxifen on the pharmacokinetics of a single 250 mg oral dose of gefitinib (IRESSA) in healthy volunteers.

Methods: An open-label, single-center, phase I study in healthy male volunteers. Each volunteer received a single 250 mg oral dose of gefitinib on day 1.

Relative bioavailability and safety profile of gefitinib administered as a tablet or as a dispersion preparation via drink or nasogastric tube: results of a randomized, open-label, three-period crossover study in healthy volunteers.

Background: Many patients with head and neck cancer have difficulty swallowing tablet formulations of medications, and use of dispersion preparations may be advantageous.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the relative bioavailability and safety profile of a single dose of gefitinib, an orally active inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, when administered as a whole 250-mg tablet or as a dispersion preparation via drink or nasogastric tube in healthy male volunteers.

Methods: This was a Phase 1, randomized, open-label, 3-period crossover study.