Beyond Weight Loss: Added Benefits Could Guide the Choice of Anti-Obesity Medications.

Purpose Of Review: To highlight the added benefits of approved and upcoming, centrally-acting, anti-obesity drugs, focusing not only on the most common metabolic and cardiovascular effects but also on their less explored clinical benefits and drawbacks, in order to provide clinicians with a tool for more comprehensive, pharmacological management of obesity.

Recent Findings: Obesity is increasingly prevalent worldwide and has become a challenge for healthcare systems and societies. Reduced life expectancy and cardiometabolic complications are some of the consequences of this complex disease.

The Effects of Radioligand Therapy on Quality of Life and Sexual Function in Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), also called radioligand therapy, is an effective antitumoral treatment in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN). It improves the patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which is evaluated by self-assessment questionnaires. The aim of this narrative review was to report the current knowledge on the changes of HRQoL and sexual function in patients with NEN treated with PRRT.

Sex differences in carcinoid syndrome: A gap to be closed.

The incidence of neuroendocrine neoplasms and related carcinoid syndrome (CS) has markedly increased over the last decades and women seem to be more at risk than men for developing CS. Nevertheless, very few studies have investigated sex differences in clinical presentation and outcomes of CS. However, as per other tumours, sex might be relevant in influencing tumour localization, delay in diagnosis, clinical outcomes, prognosis and overall survival in CS.

Vitamin D deficiency: a potential risk factor for cancer in obesity?

Obesity is considered an abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, due to a prolonged positive energy balance that arises when energy intake is greater than energy expenditure, leading to an increased risk for the individual health and for the development of metabolic chronic diseases including several different types of cancer. Vitamin D deficiency is a metabolic alteration, which is often associated with the obesity condition. Vitamin D is a liposoluble vitamin, which plays a pivotal role in calcium-phosphate metabolism but extraskeletal effects have also been described.

Biliary Stone Disease in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors Treated with Somatostatin Analogs: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Somatostatin analogs (SSAs) are the mainstay of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) treatment. Biliary stone disease is reported as a common side effect of SSAs, with a frequency ranging from 10% to 63%. Studies on SSA-treated patients for acromegaly report an increased incidence of biliary stone disease compared with the general population, whereas data on patients with NETs are few.

VENUS BY BOTTICELLI AND HER PITUITARY ADENOMA.

Simonetta Vespucci, considered the most beautiful woman of the Renaissance, is the inspiration and face of one of the most famous paintings of all times, "The Birth of Venus," by Botticelli. She died in 1476 at the age of 23 years. We postulate she suffered from a pituitary-secreting tumor progressing to pituitary apoplexy.

Heterogeneity of Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors: An Italian Multi-center Experience.

Background: The optimal management of duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms (dNENs) is unclear, and endoscopic resection is increasingly performed instead of surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of dNENs, managed at five Italian tertiary referral Centers in Italy.

Results: From 2000 to 2017, 108 patients (69 males, 39 females, median age 59.

Maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and neonatal health: evidence to date and clinical implications.

Low maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy have been associated with a plethora of adverse neonatal outcomes, including small for gestational age and preterm births, detrimental effect on offspring bone and teeth development, and risk of infectious diseases. Although most observational studies indicate a significant linear relationship between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the above outcomes, some randomized controlled trials to date are inconclusive, mostly due to differences in study design and supplementation regimen. The currently available results indicate that vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, dental caries of infancy, and neonatal infectious diseases such as respiratory infections and sepsis.

Risk factors for operated carpal tunnel syndrome: a multicenter population-based case-control study.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a socially and economically relevant disease caused by compression or entrapment of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. This population-based case-control study aims to investigate occupational/non-occupational risk factors for surgically treated CTS.

Methods: Cases (n = 220) aged 18-65 years were randomly drawn from 13 administrative databases of citizens who were surgically treated with carpal tunnel release during 2001.

Cardiovascular risk in patients with growth hormone deficiency: effects of growth hormone substitution.

Objective: To review the literature on the increased cardiovascular risk in patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency and the positive effects of GH replacement.

Methods: We analyze the factors that contribute to cardiovascular risk in GH deficiency, including body composition and lipid profile, and summarize GH treatment strategies and results described in the literature.

Results: The prominent clinical finding in patients with GH deficiency is the increased abdominal fat, even in patients with normal weight.

[Occupational accidents among immigrant workers in the Fabriano areas].

Background: The growing contribution of immigrant workers to the national economy particularly affects the trend of accidents at work.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the trend of work accidents in the Local Health Area No. 6 - Fabriano (Marche Region), during the period 2000-2003; to define the frequency for each job sector, age, gender, type of work, severity, month, day and week and time of day; to calculate the incidence rate for each year taken into consideration.