Sjögren syndrome induced by anti PDL-1 treatment for TNBC: case report and review of literature.

Background: Rheumatological toxicity associated with immunotherapy, particularly Sjögren's syndrome (SjS), has been observed with variable incidence in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Although SjS is a well-known autoimmune disease, its occurrence as an immune-related adverse event (irAE) during cancer treatment is less well understood. Current literature documents a range of incidence rates and clinical manifestations of SjS in patients undergoing ICI therapy, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management.

The value of the multidisciplinary team in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Paving the way for precision medicine in toxicities management.

The new landscape of treatments for metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma (mRCC) is constantly expanding, but it is associated with the emergence of novel toxicities, adding to up to those observed in the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) era. Indeed, the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) alone or in combination has been associated with the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) involving multiple-organ systems which, even if rarely, had led to fatal outcomes. Moreover, due to the relatively recent addition of ICIs to the previously available treatments, the potential additive adverse effects of these combinations are still unknown.

Androgen Receptor Targeted Therapy + Radiotherapy in Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Objectives: To investigate whether radiotherapy as metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) on oligo-progressive sites in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients during treatment with androgen receptor-targeted therapy (ARTT) may lead to control resistant lesions, prolonging ARTT. We analysed progression free survival, overall survival and prognostic parameters that can identify patients that best suit to this approach.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of a total of 67 lesions in 42 mCRPC patients treated with ablative or palliative RT to oligoprogressive lesions during ARTT.

Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Management: From Molecular Mechanism to Clinical Practice.

The therapeutic sc"enario of metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) has noticeably increased, ranging from the most studied molecular target therapies to those most recently introduced, up to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The most recent clinical trials with an ICI-based combination of molecular targeted agents and ICI show how, by restoring an efficient immune response against cancer cells and by establishing an immunological memory, it is possible to obtain not only a better radiological response but also a longer progression-free and overall survival. However, the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remains of fundamental importance, especially in patients who, for clinical characteristics, tumor burden and comorbidity, could have greater benefit from the use of TKIs in monotherapy rather than in combination with other therapies.

Radiotherapy in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients with oligo-progression during abiraterone-enzalutamide treatment: a mono-institutional experience.

Background: Some patients experience oligo-progression during androgen receptor targeted therapy (ARTT) treatments. This progression might not indicate a real systemic drug resistance, but a selective monoclonal resistance. With the aim to delay the start of new line treatments we treated oligo-progressive sites with radiotherapy.

Molecular Basis of Drug Resistance and Insights for New Treatment Approaches in mCRPC.

Inhibiting androgen receptor (AR) signaling with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) represents the mainstay of therapy for advanced and metastatic prostate cancer. However, about 20-60% of patients receiving first-line treatment for prostate cancer will relapse, evolving in a more aggressive and lethal form of the disease, the castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), despite the use of ADT. Multiple approved systemic therapies able to prolong survival of patients with metastatic CRPC (mCRPC) exist, but almost invariably, patients treated with these drugs develop primary or acquired resistance.

Treatment responses to antiangiogenetic therapy and chemotherapy in nonsecreting paraganglioma (PGL4) of urinary bladder with SDHB mutation: A case report.

Introduction: Paraganglioma (PGL) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor. Currently, the malignancy is defined as the presence of metastatic spread at presentation or during follow-up. Several gene mutations are listed in the pathogenesis of PGL, among which succinate dehydrogenase (SDHX), particularly the SDHB isoform, is the main gene involved in malignancy.

Duration of response to first androgen deprivation therapy, time to castration resistance prostate cancer, and outcome of metastatic castration resistance prostate cancer patients treated with abiraterone acetate.

Abiraterone acetate (AA) demonstrated its efficacy in the treatment of patients with metastatic castration resistance prostate cancer (mCRPC) in predocetaxel and postdocetaxel setting. However, we learn from pivotal studies that forms of primary and acquired resistance to this drug exist. Patient selection becomes so crucial to optimize treatment results.

Clinical Outcome of Third-Line Pazopanib in a Patient with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background. Renal cell carcinoma accounts for about 2-3% of all malignant tumors. The prevalence of brain metastases from RCC is less than 20% of cases.

Resistance to abiraterone in castration-resistant prostate cancer: a review of the literature.

Persistent androgen signaling is functionally significant in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and it is actually considered a validated therapeutic target. Residual intra-tumoral androgens compensate for the effects of androgen ablation, activating the androgen receptor (AR), AR-mediated gene expression and driving CRPC. The intra-tumoral biosynthesis of androgens takes place in different ways and cytochrome P450 17A1 (CYP17A1) has a crucial role in this context.

Genomic and epigenomic alterations in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in man. The treatment of localized PC includes surgery or radiation therapy. In case of relapse after a definitive treatment or in patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease, the standard treatment includes the androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT).

Randomised phase II study of standard versus chronomodulated CPT-11 plus chronomodulated 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid in advanced colorectal cancer patients.

In this study, a randomised phase II trial explored the effects of 6-h chronomodulated CPT-11 infusion in advanced colorectal cancer patients. Sixty-eight pre-treated patients were randomly assigned to CPT-11 administered at 180 mg/m2 on day 1, by 1-h infusion (Arm A) or 6-h sinusoidal infusion with peak timing at 5:00 a.m.

High-dose chronomodulated infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) (FF5-16) in advanced colorectal cancer patients.

Purpose: The best way to deliver infusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) has yet to be determined. The aim of this prospective phase II trial was to verify the tolerability, activity and efficacy of chronomodulated 5-FU-FA (FF(5-16)) every 3 weeks in 48 untreated patients (group A), and 28 pretreated and four non-measurable, advanced colorectal cancer (ACC) patients (group B).

Methods: The sinusoidal delivery of both drugs started at 10.