Evaluation of independent risk factors associated with surgical site infections from caesarean section.

Background: The present study assessed factors associated with the risk of surgical site infections (SSI) after a caesarean section (C-section).

Methods: Data were collected in 1682 women undergoing elective (53.9%) and emergency (46.

Reduction of adverse outcomes from cesarean section by surgical-site infection prevention care bundles in maternity.

Objective: To reduce average surgical-site infection (SSI) rates to less than 7.5%, as well as other complications by incrementally implementing an SSI prevention care bundle in maternity: (1) ChloraPrep; (2) PICO dressings, performing elective cesarean sections in a main theater rather than a labor ward and warming blankets; (3) vaginal cleansing; and (4) Hibiscrub.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, the association between categorical variables was assessed by χ tests, temporal trends in the monthly percentage change of SSI were measured using the Joinpoint Regression Program v4.

Older adults have difficulty decoding emotions from the eyes, whereas easterners have difficulty decoding emotion from the mouth.

Older adults and Easterners have worse emotion recognition (than young adults and Westerners, respectively), but the question of why remains unanswered. Older adults look less at eyes, whereas Easterners look less at mouths, raising the possibility that compelling older adults to look at eyes, and Easterners to look at mouths, might improve recognition. We did this by comparing emotion recognition in 108 young adults and 109 older adults from New Zealand and Singapore in the (a) eyes on their own (b) mouth on its own or (c) full face.