Decrease of excessive daytime sleepiness after shunt treatment for normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Sleepiness and apathy are often reported in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, research on outcomes after shunt surgery has mainly focused on the classical triad symptoms, that is, gait, cognition, and bladder dysfunction. This study aimed to describe the effects of shunt treatment on excessive daytime sleepiness and whether there was a relation to changes in ventricular volume.

Depressive symptoms, functional impairment, and health-related quality of life in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A population-based study.

Background: Maximising quality of life is a central goal for all healthcare, especially when dealing with dementing disorders. In this study we aimed to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL), depressive symptoms and functional impairment between individuals with and without idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) from the general population.

Methods: A total of 122 individuals, 30 with iNPH (median age 75 years, 67 females) underwent neurological examinations and computed tomography of the brain with standardised rating of imaging findings and clinical symptoms.

Basophil allergen threshold sensitivity to casein (casein-specific CD-sens) predicts allergic reactions at a milk challenge in most but not all patients.

Background: The basophil activation test is an emerging clinical tool in the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy (CMA). The aim was to assess the association between the basophil allergen threshold sensitivity to the major milk protein casein (casein-specific CD-sens), the levels of milk- and casein-specific Immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE-ab), and the severity of allergic reactions at milk challenges.

Methods: We enrolled 34 patients aged 5-15 (median 9) years who underwent a double-blind placebo-controlled milk-challenge (DBPCMC) as screening before inclusion in an oral immunotherapy study for CMA.

Adolescents on psychotropic treatment displayed longer corrected QT intervals than unmedicated controls when they rose rapidly from the supine position.

Aim: Psychotropic medication can contribute to arrhythmia and identifying individuals at risk is crucial. This Swedish study compared the corrected QT (QTc) intervals of adolescents on psychotropic medication with unmedicated controls, when supine and after rising rapidly.

Methods: The study was carried out at Östersund County Hospital in March 2022 and February to March 2023.

Altered probe pressure and body position increase diagnostic accuracy for men and women in detecting hepatic steatosis using quantitative ultrasound.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) for evaluating liver fat content with different probe forces and body positions, in relation to sex, and compared with proton density fat fraction (PDFF).

Methods: We prospectively enrolled a metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) cohort that underwent UGAP and PDFF in the autumn of 2022. Mean UGAP values were obtained in supine and 30° left decubitus body position with normal 4 N and increased 30 N probe force.

Minimum important difference of the ICIQ-UI SF score after self-management of urinary incontinence.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate clinically relevant improvement after conservative self-management of urinary incontinence via a mobile app. It further aimed to establish Minimum Important Differences (MIDs) based on the severity and type of urinary incontinence.

Methods: Data was collected in a prospective cohort study that evaluated the freely available app Tät®.

APP-based treatment of urgency and mixed urinary incontinence in women: factors associated with long-term satisfaction.

Purpose: App-based treatment of urgency (UUI) and mixed (MUI) urinary incontinence has proved to be effective. To further improve treatment, it will be beneficial to analyze baseline and treatment-related factors that are associated with satisfaction.

Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing an app for UUI or MUI treatment, encompassing 98 women for whom there was long-term treatment satisfaction data.

Human herpesvirus 6A and axonal injury before the clinical onset of multiple sclerosis.

Recent research indicates that multiple sclerosis is preceded by a prodromal phase with elevated levels of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), a marker of axonal injury. The effect of environmental risk factors on the extent of axonal injury during this prodrome is unknown. Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) is associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis.

Sonographic postpartum anal sphincter defects and the association with pelvic floor pain and dyspareunia.

Introduction: Pelvic floor pain and dyspareunia are both important entities of postpartum pelvic pain, often concomitant and associated with perineal tears during vaginal delivery. The association between postpartum sonographic anal sphincter defects, pelvic floor pain, and dyspareunia has not been fully established. We aimed to determine the prevalence of postpartum anal sphincter defects using three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonography (3D-EAUS) and evaluate their association with symptoms of pelvic floor pain and dyspareunia.

Blood cultures with one venipuncture instead of two: a prospective clinical comparative single-center study including patients in the ICU, haematology, and infectious diseases departments.

Objectives: Blood culture is a key method for diagnosing bloodstream infections. In this prospective study, we aimed to investigate whether blood cultures collected with the one-puncture method results in fewer contaminants, i.e.

Patient complaints about communication in cancer care settings: Hidden between the lines.

Objectives: To investigate patient complaints in cancer care settings reported to patient advisory committees (PACs) and describe the frequency and content of communication failures across all reports.

Methods: Content analysis, with a summative approach, was applied to cancer care complaints (2016-2020) by 692 patients to PACs in one Swedish healthcare region.

Results: More than half the patients reported communication failures.

Persisting symptoms after Cryptosporidium hominis outbreak: a 10-year follow-up from Östersund, Sweden.

In late 2010, an outbreak of Cryptosporidium hominis affected 27,000 inhabitants (45%) of Östersund, Sweden. Previous research shows that abdomen and joint symptoms commonly persist up to 5 years post-infection. It is unknown whether Cryptosporidium is associated with sequelae for a longer duration, how persisting symptoms present over time, and whether sequelae are associated with prolonged infection.

Longitudinal neuropsychological trajectories in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a population-based study.

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a progressive syndrome affecting gait, incontinence, and cognition in a significant number of older adults. Still, prospective studies on early development of symptoms are scarce.

Aim: To investigate how neuropsychological functions develop before and in already diagnosed iNPH over a two-year period in a population-based material.

A mobile app as support for pelvic floor muscle training started prior to radical prostatectomy.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of a mobile app to support pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) started prior to radical prostatectomy (RP).

Materials And Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted in Sweden from June 2018 to February 2021 including men for whom RP was planned within 12 months. Users responded anonymously to questionnaires at baseline, 1 and 3 months.

Systemic inflammation and risk of multiple sclerosis - A presymptomatic case-control study.

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of systemic inflammation. Increased levels of CRP in young persons have been suggested to decrease the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objectives: To assess CRP as a risk factor for MS.

App-based pelvic floor muscle training in pregnant and postnatal women: A prospective cohort study exploring factors associated with prevention and improvement of urinary incontinence.

Background And Aims: Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is recommended for continent pregnant women and postnatal women experiencing urinary incontinence (UI). The app Tät® has been developed for the treatment of stress UI with a focus on PFMT. The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with the improvement of incontinence symptoms and retained continence in pregnant and postnatal women who used the app.

Increased incidence of late-onset inflammatory bowel disease and microscopic colitis after a outbreak.

Objectives: In 2010, 27,000 inhabitants (45% of the population) of Östersund, Sweden, contracted clinical cryptosporidiosis after drinking water contaminated with . After the outbreak, local physicians perceived that the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), and IBD-unclassified, and microscopic colitis (MC) increased. This study assessed whether this perception was correct.

Free vitamin D index and vitamin D-binding protein in multiple sclerosis: A presymptomatic case-control study.

Background And Purpose: High levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D ) are associated with a lower risk for multiple sclerosis (MS). The bioavailability of 25(OH)D is regulated by its main plasma carrier, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP). Free 25(OH)D can be estimated by also measuring DBP concentration.

App-based self-management of urgency and mixed urinary incontinence in women: One-year follow-up.

Aims: To evaluate the long-term effect of the Tät®II app for treatment of urgency (UUI) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI).

Methods: Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial, including 123 women ≥18 years old with UUI or MUI, without red-flag symptoms, and ≥2 leakages per week. All participants, regardless of group, had received the intervention, a treatment app, at the long-term follow-up.

Surgical complications after caesarean section: A population-based cohort study.

Background: The rate of caesarean section without medical indication is rising but the risk for surgical complications has not been fully explored.

Methods: Altogether 79 052 women from the Swedish Medical Birth Register who delivered by caesarean section only from 2005 through 2016 were identified and compared with a control group of women delivering vaginally only from the same register and the same period of time. By cross-linking data with the National Patient Register the risks for bowel obstruction, incisional hernia and abdominal pain were analysed, as well as risk factors for these complications.

Quality of life in women with urinary incontinence seeking care using e-health.

Background: Quality of life (QoL) in women with urinary incontinence (UI) is mainly affected by UI severity, but it is also affected by the UI subtype, comorbidities, age, and socioeconomic status. e-Health is a new method for providing UI treatment. This study aimed to identify factors with the highest impact on QoL in women that turned to e-health for UI self-management.

Cytomegalovirus seropositivity is associated with reduced risk of multiple sclerosis-a presymptomatic case-control study.

Background And Purpose: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) are associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). Conversely, infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been suggested to reduce the risk of MS but supporting data from presymptomatic studies are lacking. Here, it was sought to increase the understanding of CMV in MS aetiology.

A Mobile App for Self-management of Urgency and Mixed Urinary Incontinence in Women: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Many women experience urgency (UUI) and mixed (MUI) urinary incontinence but commonly hesitate to seek care. Treatment access and self-management for these conditions can be supported through eHealth approaches.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the mobile app Tät II for self-management of UUI and MUI in women.