Homeostatic apoptosis prevents competition-induced atrophy in follicular B cells.

While the intrinsic apoptosis pathway is thought to play a central role in shaping the B cell lineage, its precise role in mature B cell homeostasis remains elusive. Using mice in which mature B cells are unable to undergo apoptotic cell death, we show that apoptosis constrains follicular B (FoB) cell lifespan but plays no role in marginal zone B (MZB) cell homeostasis. In these mice, FoB cells accumulate abnormally.

Uncertainty over implications of placental histopathological findings: A survey of Australian and New Zealand neonatologists.

Aim: Placental examination is known to provide useful information following an adverse pregnancy outcome. Despite existing literature and guidelines for placental examination; current workplace practices, attitudes towards the value of placental examination and the knowledge of perinatal clinicians regarding placental lesions of significance are unknown. The aim of the study is to explore the current knowledge of neonatologists and maternal fetal medicine specialists on placental histopathological findings and clinical management based on placental pathology.