Neuroanatomical and functional correlates in tic disorders and Tourette's syndrome: A narrative review.

Tic disorders represent a developmental neuropsychiatric condition whose causes can be attributed to a variety of environmental, neurobiological, and genetic factors. From a neurophysiological perspective, the disorder has classically been associated with neurochemical imbalances (particularly dopamine and serotonin) and structural and functional alterations affecting, in particular, brain areas and circuits involved in the processing and coordination of movements: the basal ganglia, thalamus, motor cortical area, and cingulate cortex; however, more recent research is demonstrating the involvement of many more brain regions and neurotransmission systems than previously observed, such as the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum. In this paper, therefore, we summarize the evidence to date on these abnormalities with the intent to illustrate and clarify the main neuroanatomical differences between patients with tic disorders and healthy individuals.

Additional copies of 1q negatively impact the outcome of multiple myeloma patients and induce transcriptomic deregulation in malignant plasma cells.

Additional copies of chromosome 1 long arm (1q) are frequently found in multiple myeloma (MM) and predict high-risk disease. Available data suggest a different outcome and biology of patients with amplification (Amp1q, ≥4 copies of 1q) vs. gain (Gain1q, 3 copies of 1q) of 1q.

End of induction [F]FDG PET is prognostic for progression-free survival and overall survival in follicular lymphoma patients enrolled in the FOLL12 trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the reliability of the Deauville score (DS) in therapy response assessment and to define the prognostic value of the metabolic response of end of induction (EOI) [F]FDG PET (PET) in follicular lymphoma patients.

Methods: Adult patients with untreated grade 1-3a FL/ stage II-IV enrolled in the multicentre, prospective, phase III FOLL12 trial (NCT02063685) were randomized to receive standard immunochemotherapy followed by rituximab maintenance (standard arm) versus standard immunochemotherapy followed by response-adapted post-induction management (experimental arm). Baseline and EOI PET were mandatory for the study.

Neuroanatomical and functional correlates in post-traumatic stress disorder: A narrative review.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), currently included by the Diagnostic and Statistical of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision in the macro-category "disorders related to traumatic and stressful events", is a severe mental distress that arises acutely as a result of direct or indirect exposure to severely stressful and traumatic events. A large body of literature is available on the psychological and behavioral manifestations of PTSD; however, with regard to the more purely neuropsychological aspects of the disorder, they are still the subject of research and need greater clarity, although the roles of the thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus, cerebellum, locus coeruleus, and hippocampus in the onset of the disorder's characteristic symptoms have already been elucidated.

Real-World Outcome of Treatment with Single-Agent Ibrutinib in Italian Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Final Results of the EVIdeNCE Study.

Real-world data in clinical practice are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety that ibrutinib has demonstrated in clinical trials of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We described the real-world persistence rate, patterns of use, and clinical outcomes in 309 patients with CLL receiving single-agent ibrutinib in first line (1L, = 118), 2L ( = 127) and ≥3L ( = 64) in the prospective, real-world, Italian EVIdeNCE study. After a median follow-up of 23.

IELSG38: phase II trial of front-line chlorambucil plus subcutaneous rituximab induction and maintenance in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

The IELSG38 trial was conducted to investigate the effects of subcutaneous (SC) rituximab on the complete remission (CR) rate and the benefits of SC rituximab maintenance in patients with extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) who received front-line treatment with chlorambucil plus rituximab. Study treatment was an induction phase with oral chlorambucil 6 mg/m2/day on weeks 1-6, 9-10, 13-14, 17-18, and 21-22, and intravenous rituximab 375 mg/m2 on day 1 of weeks 1-4, and 1,400 mg SC on weeks 9, 13, 17, and 21. Then, a maintenance phase followed with rituximab administered at 1,400 mg SC every two months for two years.

IELSG30 phase 2 trial: intravenous and intrathecal CNS prophylaxis in primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PTL) is characterized by high risk of contralateral testis and central nervous system (CNS) relapse. Chemoimmunotherapy with intrathecal (IT) CNS prophylaxis and contralateral testis irradiation eliminates contralateral recurrences and reduces CNS relapses. The IELSG30 phase 2 study investigated feasibility and activity of an intensified IT and IV CNS prophylaxis.

Lenalidomide plus rituximab for the initial treatment of frail older patients with DLBCL: the FIL_ReRi phase 2 study.

Treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in older patients is challenging, especially for those who are not eligible for anthracycline-containing regimens. Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL) started the FIL_ReRi study, a 2-stage single-arm trial to investigate the activity and safety of the chemo-free combination of rituximab and lenalidomide (R2) in ≥70-year-old untreated frail patients with DLBCL. Frailty was prospectively defined using a simplified geriatric assessment tool.

Inheritance of wild and truncated DAT alleles from grand-parents: Opposite transgenerational consequences on the behavioral phenotype in adolescent DAT heterozygous rats.

Dopamine plays important roles in implicit memory and motivation of behavior. Environmental inputs can produce transgenerational epigenetic changes. This concept also includes the uterus: experimentally, we sought to create hyper-dopaminergic uterine conditions through ineffective dopamine-transporter (DAT) protein, obtained by inserting a stop-codon into the SLC6A3 gene.

Eltrombopag for Low-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes With Thrombocytopenia: Interim Results of a Phase II, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial (EQOL-MDS).

Purpose: In myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), severe thrombocytopenia is associated with poor prognosis. This multicenter trial presents the second-part long-term efficacy and safety results of eltrombopag in patients with low-risk MDS and severe thrombocytopenia.

Methods: In this single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase-II trial of adult patients with International Prognostic Scoring System low- or intermediate-1-risk MDS, patients with a stable platelet (PLT) count (<30 × 10/mm) received eltrombopag or placebo until disease progression.

Impact of immunochemotherapy with R-bendamustine or R-CHOP for treatment naïve advanced-stage follicular lymphoma: A subset analysis of the FOLL12 trial by Fondazione Italiana Linfomi.

We conducted a post hoc analysis of the FOLL12 trial to determine the impact of different initial immunochemotherapy (ICT) regimens on patient outcomes. Patients were selected from the FOLL12 trial, which included adults with stage II-IV follicular lymphoma (FL) grade 1-3a and high tumor burden. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either standard ICT followed by rituximab maintenance (RM) or the same ICT followed by a response-adapted approach.

Role of Rituximab Addition to First-line Chemotherapy Regimens in Nodular Lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Study by Fondazione Italiana Linfomi.

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a rare entity whose neoplastic cells retain a B-cell phenotype with expression of CD20. Radiotherapy is recommended for favorable stage IA disease while for other stages guidelines suggest therapeutic strategies similar to those used for classic HL. The role of rituximab, although quite widespread, is not completely elucidated.

High rate of durable responses with undetectable minimal residual disease with front-line venetoclax and rituximab in young, fit patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and an adverse biological profile: results of the GIMEMA phase II LLC1518 - VERITAS study.

The GIMEMA phase II LLC1518 VERITAS trial investigated the efficacy and safety of front-line, fixed-duration venetoclax and rituximab (VenR) in combination in young (≤65 years), fit patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and unmutated IGHV and/or TP53 disruption. Treatment consisted of the venetoclax ramp-up, six monthly courses of the VenR combination, followed by six monthly courses of venetoclax as a single agent. A centralized assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) was performed by allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction assay on the peripheral blood and bone marrow at the end of treatment (EOT) and during the follow-up.

Punctual and kinetic MRD analysis from the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi MCL0208 phase 3 trial in mantle cell lymphoma.

Minimal residual disease (MRD) analysis is a known predictive tool in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). We describe MRD results from the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi phase 3 MCL0208 prospective clinical trial assessing lenalidomide (LEN) maintenance vs observation after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the first prospective comprehensive analysis of different techniques, molecular markers, and tissues (peripheral blood [PB] and bone marrow [BM]), taken at well-defined time points. Among the 300 patients enrolled, a molecular marker was identified in 250 (83%), allowing us to analyze 234 patients and 4351 analytical findings from 10 time points.

High Levels of Circulating Tumor Plasma Cells as a Key Hallmark of Aggressive Disease in Transplant-Eligible Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: High levels of circulating tumor plasma cells (CTC-high) in patients with multiple myeloma are a marker of aggressive disease. We aimed to confirm the prognostic impact and identify a possible cutoff value of CTC-high for the prediction of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), in the context of concomitant risk features and minimal residual disease (MRD) achievement.

Methods: CTC were analyzed at diagnosis with two-tube single-platform flow cytometry (sensitivity 4 × 10) in patients enrolled in the multicenter randomized FORTE clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.

Addition of elotuzumab to lenalidomide and dexamethasone for patients with newly diagnosed, transplantation ineligible multiple myeloma (ELOQUENT-1): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Elotuzumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone has shown improved progression-free and overall survival versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. We aimed to assess these regimens in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: ELOQUENT-1 is an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial conducted at 185 hospitals, oncology practices, and research centres in 19 countries.

Keeping Track of the Genealogy of Heterozygotes Using Epigenetic Reference Codes and Breeding Tables.

Studying neurobehavioral consequences of the hypofunctional dopamine transporter (DAT) across several generations entails the need to monitor allelic transmission to offspring, taking into account both maternal and paternal inheritance. Since each type of heterozygote expresses differential phenotypes, based on lineage of inheritance for wild and mutated alleles (from male or female ancestors), it is important to track transgenerational epigenetic effects. We deemed it essential to assign specific abbreviations identifying their characteristics.

Safety and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Rituximab in Previously Untreated Patients with CD20+ Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma or Follicular Lymphoma: Results from an Italian Phase IIIb Study.

Subcutaneous (SC) rituximab may be beneficial in terms of convenience and tolerability, with potentially fewer and less severe administration-related reactions (ARRs) compared to the intravenous (IV) form. This report presents the results of a phase IIIb study conducted in Italy. The study included adult patients with CD20+ DLBCL or FL having received at least one full dose of IV RTX 375 mg/m during induction or maintenance.

Melflufen or pomalidomide plus dexamethasone for patients with multiple myeloma refractory to lenalidomide (OCEAN): a randomised, head-to-head, open-label, phase 3 study.

Background: Melphalan flufenamide (melflufen), an alkylating peptide-drug conjugate, plus dexamethasone showed clinical activity and manageable safety in the phase 2 HORIZON study. We aimed to determine whether melflufen plus dexamethasone would provide a progression-free survival benefit compared with pomalidomide plus dexamethasone in patients with previously treated multiple myeloma.

Methods: In this randomised, open-label, head-to-head, phase 3 study (OCEAN), adult patients (aged ≥18 years) were recruited from 108 university hospitals, specialist hospitals, and community-based centres in 21 countries across Europe, North America, and Asia.

Efficacy of Front-Line Ibrutinib and Rituximab Combination and the Impact of Treatment Discontinuation in Unfit Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Results of the Gimema LLC1114 Study.

The GIMEMA group investigated the efficacy, safety, and rates of discontinuations of the ibrutinib and rituximab regimen in previously untreated and unfit patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Treatment consisted of ibrutinib, 420 mg daily, and until disease progression, and rituximab (375 mg/sqm, given weekly on week 1-4 of month 1 and day 1 of months 2-6). This study included 146 patients with a median age of 73 years, with IGHV unmutated in 56.