In vitro experimental investigation of the forces and torque acting on the scaphoid during light grasp.

The aim of this study was to measure the magnitude and direction of forces and torque within osteotomized scaphoids within cadaveric wrists during grasping movement of the hand. The mechanical contributions of clinically relevant individual wrist-crossing tendon groups were investigated. Wrists of eight forearms were immobilized in the sagittal, transverse, and coronal plane on a fixation device with unhindered axial gliding.

Fat grafting and stem cell enhanced fat grafting to the breast under oncological aspects--recommendations for patient selection.

Reconstructive and aesthetic fat grafting has been introduced to the breast level over the last years. The safety of such procedures has so far not been completely clarified. The concept has now been refined to stem cell enhanced fat grafting.

Management and outcome of periprosthetic fractures after total knee arthroplasty.

Background: The incidence of periprosthetic fractures after total knee arthroplasty is continuously rising because of an increasing number of knee joint replacements and an enhanced survivorship of the elderly population after knee arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to analyze the practicability and effectiveness of the various treatment methods for management of periprosthetic fractures after total knee arthroplasty, and to determine the clinical and radiographic long-term results of patients following surgical and nonoperative treatment of these injuries.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical and radiographic records of 41 patients (31 women and 10 men; average age, 78.

Plate fixation of odontoid fractures without C1-C2 arthrodesis: practice of a novel surgical technique for stabilization of odontoid fractures, including the opportunity to extend the fixation to C3.

Objective: Surgical treatment of odontoid fractures that do not allow interfragmentary fracture compression involves either posterior atlantoaxial arthrodesis or additional anterior stabilization using a plate construct. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and radiographic outcome after anterior plate fixation of odontoid fractures that were not suitable for anterior screw fixation.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical and radiographic records of 9 patients with an average age of 54 years at the time of surgery who had undergone anterior plate fixation of an odontoid fracture.