Pressure pain sensitivity: A new stress measure in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes?

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with general- and diabetes-specific stress which has multiple adverse effects. Hence measuring stress is of great importance. An algometer measuring pressure pain sensitivity (PPS) has been shown to correlate to certain stress measures in adults.

No associations between type 1 diabetes and atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, or asthma in childhood: a nationwide Danish case-cohort study.

Studies examining the association between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and atopic diseases, i.e., atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma have yielded conflicting results due to different algorithms for classification, sample size issues and risk of referral bias of exposed cohorts with frequent contact to health care professionals.

First International Survey on Diabetes Providers' Assessment of Skin Reactions in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Using Technological Devices.

Background: Advances in diabetes technological devices led to optimization of diabetes care; however, long-lasting skin exposure to devices may be accompanied by an increasing occurrence of cutaneous reactions.

Methods: We used an open-link web-based survey to evaluate diabetes-care providers' viewpoint on prevalence, management practices, and knowledge related to skin reactions with the use of diabetes technological devices. A post hoc analysis was applied to investigate differences in the level of awareness on this topic in relation to the experience in diabetes technology.

A Skin Care Program to Prevent Skin Problems due to Diabetes Devices in Children and Adolescents: A Cluster-Controlled Intervention Study.

Objective: Diabetes devices that deliver insulin and measure blood glucose levels are cornerstones in modern treatment of type 1 diabetes. However, their use is frequently associated with the development of skin problems, particularly eczema and wounds. Proper skin care may prevent skin problems, yet evidence-based information from interventional studies is missing.

An Occlusive Hydrocolloid-Based Patch Is Effective, Feasible, and Safe As a Treatment of Irritant Contact Dermatitis Due to Diabetes Devices in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) occurs frequently with the use of diabetes devices, but no guidelines for treatment exist. Since subsequent devices need intact skin for intended use, quick healing is crucial. Normal wound healing is expected to be 7-10 days.

Ultrasound Detected Subcutaneous Changes in a Pediatric Cohort After Initiation of a New Insulin Pump or Glucose Sensor.

This study examined subcutaneous tissue changes at sites used by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and tested whether these changes, if any, were associated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). This prospective study investigated recently used CSII or CGM sites in 161 children and adolescents during the first year after initiation of a new diabetes device. Subcutaneous changes such as echogenicity, vascularization, and the distance from the skin surface to the muscle at CSII and CGM sites were assessed by ultrasound.

Similar Skin Barrier Function in Persons with Type 1 Diabetes Compared with Healthy Controls.

Contact dermatitis because of use of diabetes devices is frequent in individuals with type 1 diabetes (TD1), especially in the pediatric age group, but the putative role of a constitutional impaired skin barrier in persons with TD1 is unclear. This study examined the skin barrier function by the measurement of natural moisturizing factor and free cytokines collected through skin tape strips, as well as biophysical markers and the skin microbiome, in persons with TD1 than to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All measurements were done in nonlesional skin.

[Allergic contact dermatitis caused by insulin pumps and glucose monitors in children with diabetes].

Insulin pump therapy and the use of flash or continuous glucose monitoring in children is increasing. The diabetes devices are attached to the skin for several days to weeks with a strong adhesive, and recently, several cases of allergic contact dermatitis in children caused by components of the adhesive have been reported. In this review, we discuss such problems.

Cost of Treating Skin Problems in Patients with Diabetes Who Use Insulin Pumps and/or Glucose Sensors.

The use of insulin pump and glucose sensor is advantageous, but unfortunately many experience skin problems. To reduce or overcome skin problems, patients use additional products or change their sets preterm. Therefore, the aim was to investigate costs related to skin problems.

Five-Month Follow-up Shows No Improvement in Dermatological Complications in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems and Insulin Pumps.

Background: A Danish study showed that 90% of the pediatric patients who participated had some time experienced dermatological complications due to treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). This follow-up study describes dermatological complications due to CSII and/or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) between the two study periods and includes health-related quality of life (HrQoL) measurements.

Methods: A total of 138 patients (95%) out of 145 patients from the initial study answered an online questionnaire regarding dermatological complications related to CSII and/or CGM, five months later.

Skin Problems Due to Treatment with Technology Are Associated with Increased Disease Burden Among Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: In a 4-month follow-up survey, we examined whether treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and/or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adults with type 1 diabetes was associated with sustained skin problems and whether skin problems were associated with diabetes-related emotional distress.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 111 adult patients completed a follow-up questionnaire concerning skin problems as a result of CSII and/or CGM use. The questionnaire included a patient-reported outcome measure, the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale.

Perception and Possible Causes of Skin Problems to Insulin Pump and Glucose Sensor: Results from Pediatric Focus Groups.

Use of insulin pump and glucose sensor in children with diabetes has been shown to cause skin problems such as eczema, wounds, and itching. The mechanisms for development of skin problems are unknown as well as the influence on the everyday life of the patient. The aim of this study was through focus groups to get more perspective on perception of skin problems as well as the patients' view on causes of skin problems.

Ventilation inhomogeneity and NO and CO diffusing capacity in ex-premature school children.

Aim: Ex-premature school children show mild-to-moderate airway obstruction and decreased CO diffusing capacity. Multiple breath nitrogen washout (N2MBW) and NO diffusing capacity (DLNO) measurements may provide new insight into long-term pulmonary and vascular impairment in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Methods: We examined a randomly selected group of 70 ex-premature children (gestational age <28 weeks or birth weight <1500 g; 42 with and 28 without BPD) and 38 term-born healthy controls of 8-13 years of age.

Skin Problems Associated with Insulin Pumps and Sensors in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: In the future, widespread use of closed-loop infusion (artificial pancreas) systems to treat type 1 diabetes (T1D) may significantly improve glycemic control and enhance treatment flexibility. However, the infusion sets and plasters necessary for these treatments can cause dermatological complications that may hamper the spread of the new technology; few studies have investigated these complications in adults. The aim of this study was to describe the dermatological complications associated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adults.

High frequencies of dermatological complications in children using insulin pumps or sensors.

Background: Dermatological complications in children and adolescents that are related to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) have not been well-characterized. This study examined the prevalence and characteristics of different types of dermatological complications.

Methods: Online questionnaires regarding dermatological complications related to CSII and/or CGM were returned from a total of 144 children and adolescents, aged 2 to 20 years.