International web-based survey of patients with non-hydrocephalic symptomatic pineal cysts.

Objectives: To report the results of an international patient-reported survey that adds to the growing body of evidence surrounding the role of surgery in the management of a subset of patients with non-hydrocephalic symptomatic pineal cyst.

Design: An international web-based survey of health outcomes in patients with nhSPC.

Subjects: All survey participants who self-reported a diagnosis of symptomatic pineal cyst without hydrocephalus after radiological imaging.

In-Flight Transmission of a SARS-CoV-2 Lineage B.1.617.2 Harbouring the Rare S:E484Q Immune Escape Mutation.

We describe a flight-associated infection scenario of seven individuals with a B.1.617.

Variant SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines confer broad neutralization as primary or booster series in mice.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of a global pandemic. Safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines are now available, including mRNA-1273, which has shown 94% efficacy in prevention of symptomatic COVID-19 disease. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to concerns of viral escape from vaccine-induced immunity.

Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variant mRNA vaccine boosters in healthy adults: an interim analysis.

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and variants of interest (VOIs) with decreased susceptibility to neutralization has generated interest in assessments of booster doses and variant-specific vaccines. Clinical trial participants who received a two-dose primary series of the COVID-19 vaccine mRNA-1273 approximately 6 months earlier entered an open-label phase 2a study ( NCT04405076 ) to evaluate the primary objectives of safety and immunogenicity of a single booster dose of mRNA-1273 or variant-modified mRNAs, including multivalent mRNA-1273.211.

Variant SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines confer broad neutralization as primary or booster series in mice.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of a global pandemic. Safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines are now available, including mRNA-1273, which has shown 94% efficacy in prevention of symptomatic COVID-19 disease. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to concerns of viral escape from vaccine-induced immunity.

Access to care and health insurance coverage for workers with disabilities: Outcomes by state-level responses to the ACA.

Background: States had flexibility in their implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansions, which may have led to variation in coverage and changes in access to care for workers with disabilities.

Objective/hypothesis: To examine differential trends in health insurance coverage and access to care among workers with disabilities by states' decisions about expanding Medicaid under the ACA.

Methods: We aggregated data from the National Health Interview Survey into groups by time period relative to ACA implementation: pre-ACA (2006-2009), early ACA (2010-2013), and later ACA (2014-2017).

Trends in medical conditions and functioning in the U.S. population, 1997-2017.

Background: Over the last several decades, the federal disability rolls grew substantially, though this growth has slowed more recently. Many factors underlie these trends, including changes in demographics, policies, and disability prevalence.

Objective: We address two research questions: (1) How has the prevalence of certain potentially disabling conditions changed among working-age adults over the last two decades? and (2) Among individuals with these conditions, how has the share who report particular functional limitations changed over time?

Methods: We use nationally representative survey data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to document regression adjusted population trends since 1997 in some of the most commonly disabling chronic conditions and functional limitations among adult disability beneficiaries.

Oakland's sugar-sweetened beverage tax: Impacts on prices, purchases and consumption by adults and children.

Several cities in the U.S. have implemented taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in an attempt to improve public health and raise revenue.

Insurance coverage and access to care for workers with disabilities, 2001-2017.

Background: Workers with disabilities have different options than their peers for obtaining health insurance, and face unique barriers in accessing care. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) led to sweeping changes in the availability and affordability of health insurance in the United States beginning in 2010, and may have had important effects for workers with disabilities.

Objective/hypothesis: Document how the ACA changed insurance coverage and access to care for workers with disabilities, and compare those changes to changes among other groups.

The impact of the Philadelphia beverage tax on purchases and consumption by adults and children.

Numerous U.S. cities have recently enacted taxes on sweetened beverages.

Community-based participatory approach to reduce breast cancer disparities in south Dallas.

Background: South Dallas experiences significant disparities in breast cancer mortality, with a high proportion of stage III and IV diagnoses. To address these rates, the Dallas Cancer Disparities Community Research Coalition created an educational intervention to promote breast health and early detection efforts.

Objectives: The goals of the intervention were to increase (a) knowledge regarding the chief contributing factors for breast cancer, (b) awareness of the importance of screening for early detection, and (c) the proportion of women who have engaged in appropriate breast cancer screening practices.

Visual object memory and memory-guided saccades rely on shared mental representations.

We investigated the organisation of working memory processes by examining how a secondary memory task interferes with the accuracy of memory-guided saccades. A target was flashed at a random location, followed by a Kanji character. Subjects had to remember the location of the target and the Kanji character, and then they had to make a saccade towards the remembered target location.

Invasion of an occupied niche by the crayfish Orconectes rusticus: potential importance of growth and mortality.

We are exploring mechanisms of an invasion that contradicts the oft-cited generalization that species invade vacant niches. In northern Wisconsin lakes, the introduced crayfish Orconectes rusticus is replacing two ecologically similar resident congeners, O. virilis and O.