The Burden of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Risk Factors: Differences Between Individual Risk and Population Risk.

Introduction: Cardio-cerebrovascular (CCV) disease contributes significantly to the global burden of disease, with dramatic consequences in terms of mortality and general health. Mitigate CCV risk factors is the key to reduce individual and population risk of CCV events. Evidence-based medicine and epidemiological investigations of risk factors are essential to optimize actions.

Epidemiologic Data of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Implication in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Risk in a Southern Italian Population.

Background: Vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency is a prevalent condition worldwide. However, the highest prevalence rates of 25(OH)D deficiency have been attributed to regions with higher latitude. A close association between 25(OH)D and cardio-cerebrovascular (CCV) risk factors and major health problems has been identified.

Trend in prevalence of uncontrolled total serum cholesterol for cardio-cerebro-vascular disease in a mediterranean area, 1988/89-2008/09.

Aim: To examine trends of uncontrolled total serum cholesterol, treatment and control in a Mediterranean region (Campania).

Methods: We considered and compared the data collected as part of "Montecorvino Rovella Project" 1988-1989 and cross-sectional data from the two phases of the "VIP Project-Valle dell'Irno Prevenzione": 1998-1999 (1(st) phase) and 2008-2009 (2(nd) phase), in the 35-74-year-old-population.

Results: Data show a reduction of mean cholesterolemia in the last twenty years of 7.