Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns - A Solution to Treat Hypomineralized Permanent Molars: Report of a Case.

The presence of carious lesions in children associated with developmental defects of enamel is frequently observed. Restoring these affected teeth can be a challenge for the clinician. Teeth with enamel defects may have poor or limited resin adhesion and some may require repeated restoration.

Atypical Developmental Defects of Enamel in Primary Incisors Versus Preeruptive Intracoronal Resorption (PEIR): Case Reports.

Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in children range from moderate to severe and may predispose to dental fractures and early childhood caries. The prevalence of DDE in the primary dentition range from 24 to 75 percent, and the right time to diagnose DDE should be as soon as the teeth erupt. However, early detection of DDE in primary incisors is difficult because parents seldom visit the dentist at this age and, later on, caries lesions mask the original alteration.

A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing Tricalcium Silicate and Formocresol Pulpotomies Followed for Two to Four Years.

Tricalcium silicate (Biodentine), a new synthetic inorganic restorative cement, has shown a high rate of success in pulpotomy treatments, with few side effects. The purpose of the present randomized clinical control trial was to evaluate the long-term success of pulpotomies in human primary molars using tricalcium silicate versus formocresol. Healthy two- to 10-year-olds were treated with pulpotomies on primary molars as part of their scheduled regular dental treatment.

The Keeper of the Meaning and the Era of Evidence Based Dentistry.

The AAPD has stated that the clinical practice of pediatric dentistry has to be driven by science and evidence-based dentistry (EBD). However, our specialty must recognize the need for both EBD and age proven clinical experience. An amalgam of art and science is required, each respecting the other's important contribution and recognizing that neither alone is as good as the whole.

Clinical Performance of Heat-Cured High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Class II Restorations in Primary Molars: A Preliminary Study.

Objectives: The present preliminary study evaluated the clinical and radiographic performances of heat-cured high viscosity glass ionomer (HCHVGI) in class II restorations of primary molars.

Study Design: A retrospective study on a cohort of patients who had dental caries restored at a private practice was conducted. Restorations were evaluated radiographically and photographically by two separate examiners.

Pink Spot - Literature Review and Case Report.

Background: Pink spots in teeth were first described by Mummery in 1920, and were related to resorption. Resorption is a pathologic process that often eludes the clinician with its varied etiologic factors and diverse clinical presentations. Resorption can be generally classified as internal and external resorption.

The use of amalgam in pediatric dentistry: new insights and reappraising the tradition.

The debate on amalgam led to its being phased out in some countries. Results of clinical trials report failure rates of amalgams ranging from 12 percent to over 70 percent. Treatment of caries should meet the needs of each particular patient, based on his/her caries risk.

Pre-eruptive intra-coronal resorption: controversies and treatment options.

Pre-eruptive intra-coronal resorption (PIER) is a defect located in the dentin of an unerupted tooth, just beneath the dentin-enamel junction, with a prevalence of 0.5-2% of the teeth. The depth of the lesion is variable and may also reach the pulp.

Teaching and practical guidelines in pulp therapy in primary teeth in Colombia - South America.

Objective: To describe the teaching practical guidelines in pulp therapy for primary teeth in Colombian dental schools, based on Primosch et al. survey (1997).

Methods: A 27-question survey was sent to 31 dental schools.

Cross sectional: use of coolant for high-speed tooth preparation: a survey of pediatric dentist members of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry.

Purpose: To report the findings of a survey to determine the educational experiences, opinions and clinical practices relative to the use of coolant during cavity preparation of pediatric dentist members of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) and to determine whether teaching policies influenced the type of coolant used in private practice.

Methods: Four thousand fifty surveys were emailed to AAPD members and included questions regarding demographics and predoctoral, graduate, and current practice policies for the use of dry cutting.

Results: Returned survey numbered 1730 for a response rate of 43%.

Endodontic and orthodontic management of traumatically intruded teeth with horizontal root fracture: a case report.

This report describes the case of an 8-year-old boy that was referred to endodontic and orthodontic treatment after suffering an injury that led to intrusion of the maxillary right permanent central incisor, palatal displacement of the upper right lateral incisor, and root fracture of both central incisors. Both injured teeth were immature and had open apices. The intruded tooth was repositioned by endodontic and orthodontic management.

Use of coolant for high-speed tooth preparation: a survey of pediatric dentistry residency program directors in the United States.

Purpose: To determine current teaching policies regarding the use of coolant type during tooth preparation with high-speed hand-pieces in pediatric dental residency programs in the US.

Methods: A 17-question survey was electronically mailed to 63 program directors with one follow-up. Multiple-choice questions asked about school and program teaching of cavity preparation with or without water coolant, including hypothetical clinical situations.

Vital pulp therapy with new materials for primary teeth: new directions and Treatment perspectives.

Vital pulp therapy aims to treat reversible pulpal injury and includes 2 therapeutic approaches: (1) indirect pulp treatment for deep dentinal cavities and (2) direct pulp capping or pulpotomy in cases of pulp exposure. Indirect pulp treatment is recommended as the most appropriate procedure for treating primary teeth with deep caries and reversible pulp inflammation, provided that this diagnosis is based on a good history, a proper clinical and radiographic examination, and that the tooth has been sealed with a leakage-free restoration. Formocresol has been a popular pulpotomy medicament in the primary dentition and is still the most universally taught pulp treatment for primary teeth.

Vital pulp therapy with new materials for primary teeth: new directions and treatment perspectives.

Vital pulp therapy aims to treat reversible pulpal injury and includes 2 therapeutic approaches: (1) indirect pulp treatment for deep dentinal cavities and (2) direct pulp capping or pulpotomy in cases of pulp exposure. Indirect pulp treatment is recommended as the most appropriate procedure for treating primary teeth with deep caries and reversible pulp inflammation, provided that this diagnosis is based on a good history, a proper clinical and radiographic examination, and that the tooth has been sealed with a leakage-free restoration. Formocresol has been a popular pulpotomy medicament in the primary dentition and is still the most universally taught pulp treatment for primary teeth.

Surface antibacterial properties of glass ionomer cements used in atraumatic restorative treatment.

Background: Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) is recommended for use worldwide, not only in developing countries where resources are not readily available, but also in more industrialized countries. The antibacterial properties of restorative dental materials may improve the restorative treatment outcome. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) has been advocated as the preferred restoration material for ART.

Long-term evaluation of pulpotomy in primary molars using mineral trioxide aggregate or formocresol.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as pulp dressing material following pulpotomy in primary molars with carious pulp exposure and compare them to those of formocresol (FC).

Methods: Of 33 children, primary molars treated via a conventional pulpotomy technique were randomly assigned to the MTA group (33 teeth) or FC group (29 teeth). Clinical and radiographic follow-up ranged between 4 and 74 months.

The fate of a mid-root fracture: a case report.

The present report describes a case of a mid-root fracture in a maxillary central incisor of a 19-year-old patient. The fractured tooth was splinted with composite that was removed only 3 years later, as the patient did not appear for follow-up examinations. At this time, the radiographs revealed a normal periodontal ligament, rounding of the borders of the fragments and pulp obliteration of both fragments.

Comparison of oral midazolam with and without hydroxyzine in the sedation of pediatric dental patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of midazolam (MDZ) alone to a combination of MDZ and hydroxyzine (MDZH) when sedating young children for dental treatment.

Methods: This was a prospective, double-blinded, crossover clinical study of young uncooperative children in need of at least 2 restorative visits. Twenty-eight children, ages 21 to 56 months, with a mean age of 36.

A novel multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of an intruded immature permanent incisor.

The optimal treatment for intruded permanent teeth has not yet been determined. The ideal treatment option is the one with the lowest probability of developing complications such as external root resorption and marginal bone loss. Each case should be considered individually, bearing in mind the severity of the intrusion, the stage of root development, and tooth mobility.

Thyroid dysfunction and cardiological management in patients receiving amiodarone.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients receiving amiodarone, and the possible associated factors. The study also aimed at assessing the effect of amiodarone on thyroid function through the application of a questionnaire to cardiologists.

Method: Fifty-six patients chronically (> 3 months) receiving amiodarone were assessed by measurement of their serum levels of TSH, free T4, total T3, and anti-TPO antibodies.