Integration of transcriptomics and spatial biology analyses reveals Galactomyces ferment filtrate promotes epidermal interconnectivity via induction of keratinocyte differentiation, proliferation and cellular bioenergetics.

Objective: Human skin is the first line of defence from environmental factors such as solar radiation and is susceptible to premature ageing, including a disruption in epidermal differentiation and homeostasis. We evaluated the impact of a Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate (GFF) on epidermal differentiation and response to oxidative stress.

Methods: We used transcriptomics, both spatial and traditional, to assess the impact of GFF on epidermal biology and homeostasis in keratinocytes (primary or immortalized) and in ex vivo skin explant tissue.

Studies on the cyst stage of Naegleria fowleri in vivo and in vitro.

Naegleria fowleri is a pathogenic, free-living amoeba that causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a highly fatal disease of the central nervous system. N. fowleri demonstrates three forms: the trophozoite, flagellate, and cyst.