The Master Adaptive Clinician Educator: A Framework for Future Educational Leaders in Academic Medicine.

Medical education continues to evolve with technologic advances, cultural changes, and progress in the application of learning theories. One example is Cutrer's concept of the Master Adaptive Learner (MAL), where the trainee self-directs learning and innovates to maintain a level of expertise in a domain. We suggest that this concept can be applied alongside ideas of adaptive and teacher expertise to represent the medical educator of the future-the Master Adaptive Clinician Educator (MACE).

Effectiveness of a Novel Global Telemedicine Curriculum for Medical Students.

Background: The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine collaborated with The Addis Clinic to create a global telemedicine elective for fourth-year medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The elective aimed to promote cross-cultural understanding by providing unique, hands-on telemedicine experience.

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of the telemedicine elective, four of five medical students and 11 of 12 Kenyan clinical officers completed one-on-one interviews and surveys.

CALMER Conflict: A Novel Curriculum for Graduating Medical Students to Manage and Defuse Patient-Provider Conflict.

Background: Workplace violence disproportionately affects healthcare workers and verbal aggression from patients frequently occurs. While verbal de-escalation is the first-line approach to defusing anger, there is a lack of consistent curricula or robust evaluation in undergraduate medical education.

Aim: To develop a medical school curriculum focused on de-escalation skills for adult patients and evaluate effectiveness with surveys and an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).

Exploring Models of Exposure to Primary Care Careers in Training: a Narrative Review.

Multiple models of clinical exposure to primary care exist within undergraduate medical education (UME) and graduate medical education (GME). In this narrative review, we explore the evidence behind these different models of exposure, their alignment with positive promoters of primary care careers, and the pros and cons of each. Without positive exposure to primary care during training, sustaining the future primary care work force becomes increasingly challenging.

New ACGME Clinician Educator Milestones as a Roadmap for Faculty Development: a Position Paper from the Society of General Internal Medicine Education Committee.

Traditionally, clinician educators are tasked with the responsibility of training future physician workforce. However, there is limited identification of skills required to fulfill this responsibility and a lack of consensus on effective faculty development for career growth as a clinician educator. The newly released Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Clinician Educator (CE) Milestones framework outlines important skills for clinician educators and provides the opportunity to create robust faculty development.

Case Series of Stillbirths Due to Syphilis in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Background: Data on the incidence and characteristics of stillbirths attributed to congenital syphilis were collected.

Methods: We extracted data on stillbirths in the Edmonton Zone on January 1, 2015, through June 30, 2021, born to persons diagnosed with infectious syphilis (primary, secondary, early latent, or early neurosyphilis) during pregnancy or at the time of delivery.

Results: Of 314 infants documented to be exposed to infectious syphilis during gestation, 16 (5.

Evaluation of an Internal Medicine Transition to Residency Course.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel Internal Medicine (IM) transition to residency (TTR) curriculum.

Methods: We performed a paired pre-/postsurvey evaluation of graduating fourth-year medical students' perceived preparedness and medical knowledge after participating in a recently developed IM TTR course.

Results: The response rate was 51% (24 of 47).

Using Fictional Medical Television Programs to Teach Interprofessional Communication to Graduating Fourth-Year Medical Students.

Objectives: Effective interprofessional (IP) communication is crucial to high-quality patient care, but significant obstacles remain regarding implementing IP communication curricula for undergraduate medical students. As such, as part of a bootcamp required for University of Pittsburgh graduating medical students in 2021, we developed and evaluated a workshop using clips from medical television shows (eg, ) to teach IP communication skills.

Methods: The workshop was hosted on Zoom videoconferencing software and evaluated using pre- and postcurricular surveys that included adapted Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS) and Student Perceptions of Interprofessional Clinical Education-Revised (SPICE-R) instruments.

The Impact of Internal Medicine Clerkship Characteristics and NBME Subject Exams on USMLE Step 2 Clinical Knowledge Exam Performance.

Background: Residency program directors will likely emphasize the United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE) Step 2 clinical knowledge (CK) exam more during residency application given the recent USMLE Step 1 transition to pass/fail scoring. We examined how internal medicine clerkship characteristics and NBME subject exam scores affect USMLE Step 2 CK performance.

Design: The authors used univariable and multivariable generalized estimating equations to determine associations between Step 2 CK performance and internal medicine clerkship characteristics and NBME subject exams.

The Safe Discharge Checklist: A Standardized Discharge Planning Curriculum for Medicine Trainees.

Objectives: Hospital discharge is a challenging time for residents, requiring the completion of many tasks to ensure safe transitions for patients. Despite recognition of the importance of hospital discharge planning, formal curricula are lacking. We sought to improve medicine residents' comfort and skills with discharge planning and enhance the quality of care by introducing a standardized approach to discharge on the medicine wards.

Avoiding Death by Meeting: An Interactive Workshop for Academic Faculty Highlighting Strategies to Facilitate Effective Team Meetings.

Introduction: Effective meetings are a key marker of team function and are critical for task management. While important, the skill set for running an effective meeting is poorly understood.

Methods: We developed an interactive curriculum that provided physician leaders in academic medicine with generalizable knowledge and skills to effectively plan and lead various types of team meetings, leverage engagement, and troubleshoot challenging personalities.

A Survey of Internal Medicine Interns Regarding the Most Useful Topics to Include in an Internal Medicine Track of a "Get Ready for Residency Boot Camp" Course.

In the last decade, boot camp residency preparatory courses for fourth-year medical students have become increasingly popular in medical schools across the USA; however, the curricular content of these courses varies widely. The authors surveyed internal medicine interns at a large academic medical center regarding clinical and non-clinical topics that would be useful for an internal medicine residency preparatory curriculum. The response rate was 79% (64/81).

Effect of Lewis Acids on the Structure and Reactivity of a Mononuclear Hydroxomanganese(III) Complex.

The addition of Sc(OTf) and Al(OTf) to the mononuclear Mn-hydroxo complex [Mn(OH)(dpaq)] () gives rise to new intermediates with spectroscopic properties and chemical reactivity distinct from those of [Mn(OH)(dpaq)]. The electronic absorption spectra of [Mn(OH)(dpaq)] in the presence of Sc(OTf) (-Sc) and Al(OTf) (-Al) show modest perturbations in electronic transition energies, consistent with moderate changes in the Mn geometry. A comparison of H NMR data for and -Sc confirm this conclusion, as the H NMR spectrum of -Sc shows the same number of hyperfine-shifted peaks as the H NMR spectrum of .

Hospital Medicine Update: High-Impact Literature from March 2018 to April 2019.

To assist busy hospital medicine clinicians, we summarized 10 impactful articles from last year. The authors reviewed articles published between March 2018-April 2019 for the Hospital Medicine Updates at the Society of Hospital Medicine and the Society of General Internal Medicine Annual Meetings. The authors voted to select 10 of 30 presented articles based on quality and clinical impact for this summary.

Update in Hospital Medicine: Practical Lessons from Current Literature.

Background: Hospital medicine continues to grow in workforce, clinical scope, and academic inquiry. This article provides a summary of recent high-impact publications for busy clinicians who provide care to hospitalized adults.

Methods: Authors reviewed articles that were published between March 2017 and March 2018 for the Update in Hospital Medicine presentations at the 2018 Society of Hospital Medicine and Society of General Internal Medicine annual meetings.

Teaching to Teach: An Effective and Feasible Teaching Curriculum for Internal Medicine Interns.

Objectives: New competency requirements from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education have prompted greater emphasis on developing residents' teaching skills. Many residents make their first foray into teaching during internship, making it an important yet underrecognized opportunity to develop basic teaching skills. In addition, in the current graduate medical education climate, residents' tasks are compressed into an even shorter time, which has caused teaching opportunities and expectations to be balanced with the need for efficiency.

Faculty Communication Knowledge, Attitudes, and Skills Around Chronic Non-Malignant Pain Improve with Online Training.

Objective: Many physicians struggle to communicate with patients with chronic, non-malignant pain (CNMP). Through the use of a Web module, the authors aimed to improve faculty participants' communication skills knowledge and confidence, use of skills in clinical practice, and actual communication skills.

Subjects: The module was implemented for faculty development among clinician-educators with university faculty appointments, outpatient clinical practices, and teaching roles.

Knowledge of carbohydrate counting and insulin dose calculations in paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who are able to adjust their insulin doses according to the carbohydrate content of a meal, as well as their blood glucose, are likely to have improved glycaemic control (Silverstein et al., 2005). With improved glycaemic control, patients have a lower risk of developing long-term microvascular complications associated with T1DM (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group, 1993).

Anticoagulation duration in heterozygous factor V Leiden: a decision analysis.

Background: Current anticoagulation guidelines suggest that optimal anticoagulation duration for unprovoked venous thromboembolism is determined by an individual risk assessment, balancing risks of anticoagulation bleeding with venous thromboembolism recurrence. Among individuals heterozygous for the factor V Leiden mutation, while venous thromboembolism recurrence risk is greater, the risk for bleeding is recognized to be lower, suggesting longer duration anticoagulation could be considered.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare standard vs.

Improving health and care for patients by redesigning services: the development and implementation of a clinical assessment service in Harrow Primary Care Trust.

The redesign of healthcare services in Harrow Primary Care Trust is due to a number of drivers including: centrally imposed targets as outlined in various policy documents; shifting the balance of care; service delivery in a challenging financial climate; response to national consultations which indicate that patients want services nearer to home; and local and national knowledge of providing different types of services. A local enhanced scheme was devised by the trust to support general practitioners to follow care pathways using evidence-based literature, best practice and discussions with clinicians, nurses and patient representatives. The result was an ambitious and innovative service which has attracted attention from neighbouring London primary care trusts, which are seeking to replicate the model.

High levels of genetic variation exist in Aspergillus niger populations infecting Welwitschia mirabilis hook.

Aspergillus niger is an asexual, haploid fungus which infects the seeds of Namibia's national plant, Welwitschia mirabilis, severely affecting plant viability. We used 31 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers to assess genetic variation among 89 A. niger isolates collected from three W.