Hyperinsulinemia and obese phenotype differently influence blood pressure in young normotensive patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

To differentiate the impact of insulin levels/resistance per se from that of excess weight on blood pressure (BP) daily changes, we evaluated, using 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in a cohort of young normotensive patients affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A cross-sectional study was performed. Fifty-four patients were studied according to (a) insulinemic state: 32 hyperinsulinemic and/or insulin-resistant (h-INS) and 22 normoinsulinemic (n-INS) patients; and (b) body mass index (BMI): 22 obese (BMI > 30) and 32 lean (18.

Clinical management of primary aldosteronism: 2013 Practical Recommendations of the Italian Society of Hypertension (SIIA).

Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of endocrine hypertension and is highly prevalent among patients with difficult to control high blood pressure. In the presence of a high sodium intake primary aldosteronism carries has detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system, which translate into an excess rate of cardiovascular events. Therefore, to prevent these ominous consequences primary aldosteronism should be detected as early as possible and should be accurately diagnosed.