Repeated seizures lead to progressive ventilatory dysfunction in SS rats.

Patients with uncontrolled epilepsy experience repeated seizures putting them at increased risk for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Data from human patients have led to the hypothesis that SUDEP results from severe cardiorespiratory suppression after a seizure, which may involve pathological deficiencies in the brainstem serotonin (5-HT) system. Rats with a genomic mutation (SS rats) are susceptible to sound-induced generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) which, when repeated once daily for up to 10 days (10-day seizure protocol), increased mortality, particularly in male rats.

HomeCageScan analysis reveals ongoing pain in Fabry rats.

HomeCageScan (HCS) is an automated behavioral scoring system that can be used to classify and quantify rodent behaviors in the home cage. Although HCS has been used for a number of inducible models of severe pain, little has been done to test this system in clinically relevant genetic disease models associated with chronic pain such as Fabry disease. Rats with Fabry disease exhibit mechanical hypersensitivity, however, it is unclear if these rodents also exhibit ongoing non-evoked pain.

Regulation of distal tubule sodium transport: mechanisms and roles in homeostasis and pathophysiology.

Regulated Na transport in the distal nephron is of fundamental importance to fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Further upstream, Na is the principal driver of secondary active transport of numerous organic and inorganic solutes. In the distal nephron, Na continues to play a central role in controlling the body levels and concentrations of a more select group of ions, including K, Ca, Mg, Cl, and HCO, as well as water.

Kcnj16 knockout produces audiogenic seizures in the Dahl salt-sensitive rat.

Kir5.1 is an inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channel subunit abundantly expressed in the kidney and brain. We previously established the physiologic consequences of a Kcnj16 (gene encoding Kir5.

Expression, localization, and functional properties of inwardly rectifying K channels in the kidney.

Inwardly rectifying K (K) channels are expressed in multiple organs and cell types and play critical roles in cellular function. Most notably, K channels are major determinants of the resting membrane potential and K homeostasis. The renal outer medullary K channel (K1.

Relationship between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and renal Kir5.1 channels.

Kir5.1 (encoded by the Kcnj16 gene) is an inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channel highly expressed in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron of the kidney, where it forms a functional channel with Kir4.1.

Ion channels and transporters in diabetic kidney disease.

Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus are major medical epidemics affecting millions of patients worldwide. Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). DKD is associated with significant changes in renal hemodynamics and electrolyte transport.

Genetic mutation of Kcnj16 identifies Kir5.1-containing channels as key regulators of acute and chronic pH homeostasis.

Acute and chronic homeostatic pH regulation is critical for the maintenance of optimal cellular function. Renal mechanisms dominate global pH regulation over longer time frames, and rapid adjustments in ventilation compensate for acute pH and CO changes. Ventilatory CO and pH chemoreflexes are primarily determined by brain chemoreceptors with intrinsic pH sensitivity likely driven by K channels.

Region-Based Convolutional Neural Nets for Localization of Glomeruli in Trichrome-Stained Whole Kidney Sections.

Histologic examination of fixed renal tissue is widely used to assess morphology and the progression of disease. Commonly reported metrics include glomerular number and injury. However, characterization of renal histology is a time-consuming and user-dependent process.

Neuroprotection supports signal processing in the hippocampus of Syrian hamsters, a facultative hibernator.

Studies on several species of mammalian seasonal hibernators (those hibernating only in winter) show that their neurons are more tolerant to hypoxia than those in non-hibernating species. Such tolerance has not been studied in facultative hibernators [e.g.