Severe Panton-Valentine-Leukocidin-Positive Infections in Pediatric Age: A Case Report and a Literature Review.

Infections caused by S. aureus strains encoding Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL-SA) have become increasingly relevant in community settings and can cause severe conditions in pediatric populations. We present the pediatric case of an invasive disease caused by PVL-SA and provide a literature review of severe manifestations caused by these strains in children.

Investigating Osteomyelitis as a Rare Adverse Effect of Vaccination in the Pediatric Population.

Immunization is a preventive measure of crucial importance. As with any other medication, side effects are a possibility and include the rare occurrence of severe infections, such as osteomyelitis. We report an unusual case of pediatric osteomyelitis following vaccination and provide a review of similar reports submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Report System (VAERS), aiming to explore the association between the vaccination procedure and the occurrence of osteomyelitis in childhood.

Dalbavancin for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) in pediatric patients: a case series.

Acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections (ABSSSI) are a significant cause of morbidity in pediatric patients, requiring timely and effective treatment. Dalbavancin, a long-acting lipoglycopeptide antibiotic recently approved for pediatric use, offers advantages such as excellent bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including multidrug-resistant pathogens) and high tissue penetration. We present a case series of pediatric patients with ABSSSI treated with dalbavancin.

Tuberculous Pericarditis in Childhood: A Case Report and a Systematic Literature Review.

Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) is an important cause of pericarditis worldwide while being infrequent in childhood, especially in low-TB-incidence countries. We report a case of TBP and provide a systematic review of the literature, conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane to find cases of TBP in pediatric age published in the English language between the year 1990 and the time of the search. Of the 587 search results obtained, after screening and a backward citation search, 45 studies were selected to be included in this review, accounting for a total of 125 patients.

Mucosal Relapse of Visceral Leishmaniasis in a Child with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. In the Mediterranean region, visceral leishmaniasis is caused by and it is usually responsible for symptoms such as fever, pancytopenia and enlargement of the liver and spleen. Relapse is rare in immunocompetent patients as much as the mucous involvement.

as a New Emerging Pathogen in Pediatric Age: Case Report and Systematic Review.

, a normal inhabitant of the oral cavity, is a member of Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS). Generally recognized as a causative agent of invasive diseases in immunocompromised patients, is considered to have low pathogenic potential in immunocompetent individuals. We present a rare case of sinusitis complicated by meningitis and cerebral sino-venous thrombosis (CSVT) caused by in a previously healthy 12-year-old boy with poor oral health status.

Granulicatella spp., a Causative Agent of Infective Endocarditis in Children.

Granulicatella spp. are non-motile, non-sporulating, facultatively anaerobic Gram-positive cocci. Throughout the literature, these organisms have been referred to by several names, such as “nutritionally deficient streptococci”, “vitamin-B dependent streptococci” and “pyridoxal-dependent streptococci”, because of their fastidious nutritional requirements, which can often make culture isolation challenging.

Third Case of Visceral Leishmaniasis in COVID-19: Mini Review Article.

Background: In the currently ongoing coronavirus pandemic, coinfections with unrelated life-threatening febrile conditions may pose a particular challenge to clinicians. Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis that may present general symptoms, including fever, malaise, and arthralgia, rendering it indistinguishable from COVID-19.

Methods: In this paper, we aim to draw attention to this issue and analyze the clinical characteristics of the coinfection SARS-CoV-2/Leishmania through a systematic review of the literature.

Predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation in a cohort of 5123 cardiac surgical patients.

Background: Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after heart surgery is associated with increased patient morbidity and mortality.

Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study the aim was to assess PMV predictors and its impact on ICU, hospital length of stay and survival in cardiac surgical patients admitted to our eight-bed ICU from January 2000 to December 2006. All perioperative patient variables were put into an electronic database.