Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) to screen for depression and anxiety in the Greek general population.

Objective: The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is an ultra-brief self-report screening scale for depression and anxiety with promising psychometric properties; however, its reliability and validity have not been investigated in Greece yet. The objective of the current study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the PHQ-4 and to establish a cut-off score to identify depression and anxiety in the Greek general population.

Methods: The reliability of the PHQ-4 was assessed using a random sample of 204 students from Athens, Greece.