Women's health 2019: Osteoporosis, breast cancer, contraception, and hormone therapy.

This review summarizes evidence that may enhance and influence clinical practice of women's health. Supporting articles were identified by reviewing high-impact medical and women's health journals published in 2017 and 2018. The chosen articles are pertinent to osteoporosis screening, hormonal contraceptive interactions with antibiotics, hormone replacement therapy in BRCA1 mutation carriers, breast cancer diagnosis using digital tomosynthesis, and risks of hormonal contraception.

Correction: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause.

In the article by A.C. Moreno, S.

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause in breast cancer survivors:Treatments are available.

When treating the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) in women with breast cancer or at high risk of breast cancer, clinicians must balance the higher cancer risks associated with hormonal treatments against the severity of GSM symptoms, which can be exacerbated by breast cancer treatments. Options for patients who need hormonal therapy include locally applied estrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and estrogen receptor agonists/antagonists, which vary in their impact on breast cancer risk.

The C2 domain of Tollip, a Toll-like receptor signalling regulator, exhibits broad preference for phosphoinositides.

TLRs (Toll-like receptors) provide a mechanism for host defence immune responses. Activated TLRs lead to the recruitment of adaptor proteins to their cytosolic tails, which in turn promote the activation of IRAKs (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases). IRAKs act upon their transcription factor targets to influence the expression of genes involved in the immune response.