Outcomes of ureteroscopy for management of stone disease in early and late childhood over a 15-year period.

Background: Although paediatric ureteroscopy is widely performed, there is still a lack of data and outcomes in early childhood. In this two-centre study, we compared the outcomes of ureteroscopy for stone disease management in early and late childhood and provide outcomes for the same.

Methods: Data was retrospectively collected on consecutive patients from two tertiary paediatric endo-urology European centres over a 15-year period (2006-2021).

Role of Pediatric Ureteral Access Sheath and Outcomes Related to Flexible Ureteroscopy and Laser Stone Fragmentation: A Systematic Review of Literature.

Context: Flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy (FURSL) represent a good treatment option for pediatric urolithiasis. Scarce evidence is available about the safety and efficacy of the concomitant use of a ureteral access sheath (UAS) in the setting of pediatric ureteroscopy (URS).

Objective: To acquire all the available evidence on UAS usage in pediatric FURSL, focusing on intra- and postoperative complications and stone-free rates (SFRs).

Multicenter comparative study of open, laparoscopic, and robotic pyeloplasty in the pediatric population for the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).

Introduction: Dismembered open pyeloplasty described by Anderson and Hynes is the "gold standard" for the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The aim of our study was to compare the results of open (OP) vs laparoscopic (LP) vs robotic (RALP) pyeloplasty.

Material And Methods: A multicenter prospective review was conducted of pyeloplasty surgeries performed at five high-volume centers between 2014 and 2018.

Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in Children: Evolution, Current Status, and Future Trends.

Incidence of urolithiasis in children has increased in recent years and with technological advancements and miniaturization of surgical instruments, pediatric urologists have acquired an impressive arsenal for their treatment. Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) has gained widespread popularity as it is a natural extension of semirigid ureteroscopy and can be done through natural orifice minimizing the morbidity of percutaneous access. The aim of this narrative review is to describe how RIRS has evolved over the decades in children and if the age-related anatomical difference impacts reported outcomes especially stone-free rate (SFR) and complications.

Outcomes and lessons learnt from practice of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in a paediatric setting of various age groups: a global study across 8 centres.

Purpose: To analyse and report the practice, outcomes and lessons learnt from a global series of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in a paediatric multicentre series.

Methods: A retrospective review of anonymized pooled data gathered globally from 8 centres in paediatric patients (≤ 18 years of age) who had renal stones and underwent RIRS from 2015 to 2020 was performed. Patient demographics, perioperative parameters, stone characteristics, complications and stone-free rate (SFR; defined as endoscopically stone free and/or residual fragments < 2 mm on follow up imaging) were analysed.

Can cystinuria decrease the effectiveness of RIRS with high-power ho:yag laser in children? Outcomes from a tertiary endourology referral center.

Cystinuria, which is the cause of cystine urolithiasis, accounts for 2-6% of all urinary stones in children, has a low prevalence with a high recurrence rate, making this metabolic disorder a therapeutic challenge in pediatric population. The aim of this work is evaluate the efficacy and safety of retrograde intra-renal surgery (RIRS) in pediatric patients with cystinuria and kidney stones smaller than 2 cm. Prospective study of 64 stones treated in 22 retrograde intra-renal surgeries (RIRS) in cystinuric pediatric patients with renal or proximal ureteral stones less than 2 cm.

Hydronephrosis Classifications: Has UTD Overtaken APD and SFU? A Worldwide Survey.

To collect baseline information on the ultrasonographic reporting preferences. A 13-multiple choice questionnaire was designed and distributed worldwide among pediatric urologists, pediatric surgeons, and urologists. The statistical analysis of the survey data consisted of 3 steps: a univariate analysis, a bivariate and a multivariate analysis.

Clinical utility of genetic testing in early-onset kidney disease: seven genes are the main players.

Background: Inherited kidney diseases are one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that manifests before the age of 30 years. Precise clinical diagnosis of early-onset CKD is complicated due to the high phenotypic overlap, but genetic testing is a powerful diagnostic tool. We aimed to develop a genetic testing strategy to maximize the diagnostic yield for patients presenting with early-onset CKD and to determine the prevalence of the main causative genes.

The effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on pediatric urology.

Medical and surgical priorities have changed dramatically at the time of this pandemic. Scientific societies around the World have provided rapid guidance, underpinned by the best knowledge available, on the adaptation of their guidelines recommendations to the current situation. There are very limited scientific evidence especially in our subspecialty of pediatric urology.

[Impact of COVID-19 during de-escalation in pediatric urology.].

Medical and surgical priorities have changed dramatically following the COVID-19 pandemic declaration. The rapid spread of the virus and the high number of cases has saturated the health system in our country and has forced many hospitals to redistribute resources to care for infected patients. This has led to asignificant reduction in surgical activity, in some cases reaching the point of delaying all elective interventions by performing only urgent interventions.

Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy Due to a Primary Carcinoid Prostatic Tumor in a Three-Year-Old Child: A Case Report.

We present an extremely rare case of a 3-year-old child with a primary carcinoid tumor of the prostate. A 3-year-old boy presented with failure to thrive, constipation, recurrent respiratory tract infections, and pain in the genital area. His karyotype was normal and cystic fibrosis and coeliac disease were excluded prior to further investigation.

Renal Tuberculosis in a 9 Months Old: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

A nine months old girl with prenatal diagnosis of bilateral hydronephrosis underwent serious studies and in view of the presumed diagnosis of right functional annulment, a right laparoscopic nephroureterectomy was performed. The anatomopatological result was suggestive of tuberculosis without previous contact with the disease. Postoperatively, the child received antituberculosis therapy (ATT) for a full 8 months (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for 2 months and isoniazid and rifampin for 6 months) and the follow-up tests revealed improvement of ureterohydronephrosis in left kidney.

[Radical prostatectomy in patients with history of transurethral resection of the prostate].

Objectives: To perform a retrospective evaluation of surgical complications and morbidity in patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) as elective treatment for organ-confined prostate cancer in our center with previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Methods: Between 1980-2004 we performed 59 radical prostatectomies in patients with previous TURP. We analyze the morbidity and mortality of the RRP, its functional outcomes, and the accordance between clinical and pathological stage.

Acute bacterial prostatitis: two different sub-categories according to a previous manipulation of the lower urinary tract.

Acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) (NIH Category I), has not undergone any modification in the update of prostatitis classification. ABP was diagnosed in 614 patients in our centre over 9 years (1993-2001). We analyse the clinical pattern of ABP and the role of bladder outlet obstruction in its etiology, as well as whether two different ABP sub-categories could be defined as a function of a history of previous manipulation of the lower urinary tract.

[Penile hematoma secondary to rupture of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis].

Objectives: To report a very unfrequent case of penile hematoma secondary to rupture of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis during intercourse.

Methods: 35-year-old patient presenting at the emergency department with a half moon shape hematoma in the dorsal part of the penis, not much painful, developed when initiating intercourse that we believe was a rupture of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis.

Results: In spite of the few cases of rupture of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis described, and after differential diagnosis with other causes of acute penis, conservative attitude with anti-inflammatory drugs and compressive bandage was undertaken.