MRI measurements of the normal pediatric optic nerve pathway.

The purpose of this work is to establish a reference scale of optic nerve pathway measurements in pediatric patients according to age using MRI. Optic nerve pathway measurements were retrospectively analyzed using an orbits equivalent sequence on brain MRI scans of 137 pediatric patients (72 male, 65 female, average age = 7.7 years, standard deviation  = 5.

The quantitative evaluation of intracranial pressure by optic nerve sheath diameter/eye diameter CT measurement.

Background: The changes of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) have been used to assess changes of the intracranial pressure for 20 years. The aim of this research was to further quantify the technique of measuring the ONSD for this purpose.

Methods: Retrospective study of computed tomographic (CT) data of 1766 adult patients with intracranial hypotension (n=134) or hypertension (n=1632) were analyzed.

Should Intravenous Contrast be Administered in MRI Evaluation of Pediatric Outpatients with Chronic Headache?

Background: The practice of administering intravenous contrast to children varies by institution depending on their routine.

Objectives: To assess the necessity of routine contrast administration in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of pediatric outpatients referred for chronic headache workups.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of consecutive pediatric brain MRI examinations performed during January and February 2014 in 30 pediatric outpatients referred for evaluation of chronic headache.

Familial wandering spleen: a first instance.

We report on 2 sisters presenting with acute torsion of a wandering spleen within a 3-year interval. The diagnosis was made preoperatively by computed tomography (CT) in both cases. A high index of suspicion because of our experience with the first patient, who underwent splenectomy, enabled a correct early diagnosis in the sibling.