Healthcare workers' structured daily reflection on patient safety, workload and work environment in intensive care. A descriptive retrospective study.

Objectives: To describe the results of use of structured daily reflection assessments among healthcare workers at an intensive care unit over the course of one year.

Methods: In this descriptive retrospective study, data were analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The data encompassed 1095 work shifts, evaluated by healthcare workers at an intensive care unit using a structured daily reflection instrument.

Multivariable models using administrative data and biomarkers to adjust for case mix in the ICU.

Background: Routinely collected laboratory biomarkers could improve control of confounding from disease severity in non-interventional studies of general intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Their ability to predict both short- and long-term mortality was evaluated.

Methods: The performance of age, sex, Charlson co-morbidity index, and baseline values of ten predefined blood biomarkers as predictors of 30-day and 1-year mortality was evaluated in 5505 general ICU stays.

Xylo- and arabinoxylooligosaccharides from wheat bran by endoxylanases, utilisation by probiotic bacteria, and structural studies of the enzymes.

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and arabinoxylooligosaccharides (AXOS) were produced from the insoluble arabinoxylan fraction of pretreated wheat bran by endoxylanases. The glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10 xylanases GsXyn10A from Geobacillus stearothermophilus and RmXyn10A-CM from Rhodothermus marinus produced the AXOS AX, AXX and AXX in addition to XOS. RmXyn10A-CM also produced XAXX due to its non-conserved aglycone region accommodating additional arabinose substitutions in subsite +2.

Structural insights of RmXyn10A - A prebiotic-producing GH10 xylanase with a non-conserved aglycone binding region.

Hydrolysis of arabinoxylan (AX) by glycoside hydrolase family 10 (GH10) xylanases produces xylo- and arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides ((A)XOS) which have shown prebiotic effects. The thermostable GH10 xylanase RmXyn10A has shown great potential to produce (A)XOS. In this study, the structure of RmXyn10A was investigated, the catalytic module by homology modelling and site-directed mutagenesis and the arrangement of its five domains by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).

Structural Considerations on the Use of Endo-Xylanases for the Production of prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides from Biomass.

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) have gained increased interest as prebiotics during the last years. XOS and arabinoxylooligosaccharides (AXOS) can be produced from major fractions of biomass including agricultural by-products and other low cost raw materials. Endo-xylanases are key enzymes for the production of (A)XOS from xylan.

Production of arabinoxylan-oligosaccharide mixtures of varying composition from rye bran by a combination of process conditions and type of xylanase.

The aim was to study arabinoxylan-oligosaccharide production from rye bran using heat pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Due to the potential application in foods, the purity of arabinoxylan was also assessed. Rye bran was heat pretreated to improve xylanase-catalyzed hydrolysis of arabinoxylan into arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides.

A carbohydrate-rich drink shortly before surgery affected IGF-I bioavailability after a total hip replacement. A double-blind placebo controlled study on 29 patients.

Background And Aims: In response to surgical stress, the body reacts with a change in metabolism to a catabolic state. This is further aggravated by the fasting state preoperatively. We aimed to determine the effects on catabolism i.