Publications by authors named "Ann-Yae Na"

Background: Pterygium, abnormal growths of conjunctival tissue onto the cornea, are common ocular surface conditions with a high risk of recurrence after surgery and potential ophthalmic complications. The exact cause of pterygium remains unclear, and the triggers are still unknown. This study aims to investigate the relationship between pterygium and epigenetics to uncover the cause of pterygium and identify biomarkers for its diagnosis.

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  • Adipose tissue lipolysis, the breakdown of fat, is controlled by a signaling pathway involving cAMP and protein kinase A (PKA), which targets a protein called PAK4 for degradation.
  • Mice with higher levels of PAK4 in their fat tissue show reduced fat breakdown and increased obesity, while mice lacking PAK4 or treated with a PAK4 inhibitor lose weight and improve insulin sensitivity.
  • PAK4 interferes with lipolysis by phosphorylating and inhibiting the action of key proteins (FABP4 and HSL) involved in fat metabolism, with elevated PAK4 levels linked to obesity in humans, suggesting that targeting PAK4 could be a potential obesity treatment.
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The casein kinase 2 (CK2) complex has garnered extensive attention over the past decades as a potential therapeutic target for diverse human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and obesity, due to its pivotal roles in eukaryotic growth, differentiation, and metabolic homeostasis. While CK2 is also considered a promising antifungal target, its role in fungal pathogens remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the functions and regulatory mechanisms of the CK2 complex in , a major cause of fungal meningitis.

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  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has a high rate of metastasis, leading to poor 5-year survival rates, highlighting the need for biomarker research to improve diagnosis and treatment.
  • A mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis identified over 2,600 proteins in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) tissues and found 1,449 differentially expressed proteins, with SERPINA3 emerging as a significant biomarker.
  • The study indicates that SERPINA3 levels are elevated in non-metastatic ccRCC tissues, suggesting its potential role in tracking disease progression.
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Sepsis is one of the life-threatening diseases worldwide. Despite the continuous progress in medicine, the specific mechanism of sepsis remains unclear. A key strategy of pathogens is to use post-translational modification to modulate host factors critical for infection.

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  • Recent advances in single omics technologies have enhanced our understanding of disease but highlight the difficulty of integrating these findings to fully grasp sepsis pathophysiology and its clinical outcomes.
  • A study utilizing a time-dependent multi-omics integration (TDMI) approach on a sepsis-associated liver dysfunction model linked the TLR4 pathway to SALD, demonstrating the limitations of single-omics analyses in identifying key factors in sepsis progression.
  • The TDMI approach is positioned as a superior method for discovering biological mechanisms in multi-omics datasets, potentially leading to innovative therapeutic strategies and better insights into health and disease.
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  • * The study focuses on Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), a protein that hasn't been well-studied in cancer, showing that lower levels of SIRT5 correlate with more aggressive PCa and decreased survival.
  • * Researchers found that a specific modification of the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) protein is linked to increased cancer cell movement and aggressiveness, suggesting that targeting SIRT5 and its effects on LDHA could help in treating advanced prostate cancer.
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  • * The study used quantitative proteomics to compare parental PC-3 cells with SIRT5 knockout (KO) cells, finding increased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels and enhanced PI3K/AKT/NF-ĸB signaling in SIRT5 KO cells.
  • * This research reveals the first link between SIRT5 and PCa metastasis, indicating that reduced SIRT5 function may lead to increased metastasis via the PI3
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Sepsis-induced liver dysfunction (SILD) is a common event and is strongly associated with mortality. Establishing a causative link between protein post-translational modification and diseases is challenging. We studied the relationship among lysine acetylation (Kac), sirtuin (SIRTs), and the factors involved in SILD, which was induced in LPS-stimulated HepG2 cells.

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  • Identifying changes in prostate cancer progression from hormone-naïve stages to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) poses challenges for developing effective therapies, as the underlying mechanisms are not fully clear.
  • The study utilized quantitative proteomic technology to analyze prostate cancer tissues at different stages, identifying 4,768 proteins and highlighting that 865 of these were differentially expressed during progression.
  • It was found that the proteins FOXA1 and HMGN1-3 increased despite androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), suggesting they could serve as potential targets for future CRPC treatments.
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  • Ginseng, particularly Korean red ginseng (KRG), is widely used as an herbal remedy, but its long-term effects on liver health are under-researched.
  • A study using mouse models found that high doses (1.0 and 2.0 g/kg) of KRG led to liver injury markers and elevated glucose levels.
  • The research identified increased levels of liver proteins responsible for hydrogen sulfide production, suggesting that KRG may influence liver function negatively with prolonged use.
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Alpha-amanitin (α-AMA) is a cyclic peptide and one of the most lethal mushroom amatoxins found in . α-AMA is known to cause hepatotoxicity through RNA polymerase II inhibition, which acts in RNA and DNA translocation. To investigate the toxic signature of α-AMA beyond known mechanisms, we used quantitative nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis coupled with tandem mass tag labeling to examine proteome dynamics in Huh-7 human hepatoma cells treated with toxic concentrations of α-AMA.

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Background/aim: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer found in males worldwide, and its mortality rate is increasing every year. However, there are no known molecular markers for advanced or aggressive PCa, and there is an urgent clinical need for biomarkers that can be used for prognosis and prediction of PCa.

Materials And Methods: Mass spectrometry-based proteomics was used to identify new biomarkers in tissues obtained from patients with PCa who were diagnosed with T2, T3, or metastatic PCa in regional lymph nodes.

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  • The text indicates that it is a correction to a previously published article identified by its DOI.
  • The correction likely addresses errors or inaccuracies found in the original publication.
  • Such corrections are important for maintaining the integrity of scientific literature and ensuring accurate information is available to readers.
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Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among men worldwide. Most PCa cases are not fatal; however, the outlook is poor when PCa spreads to another organ. Bone is the target organ in about 80% of patients who experience metastasis from a primary PCa tumor.

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  • - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes various liver conditions like steatosis and can lead to serious issues, but its impact on drug metabolism, specifically via cytochrome P450 enzymes, is not well understood.
  • - Researchers used a methionine-choline deficient diet to induce NAFLD in study subjects and employed advanced methods to analyze over 1,200 hepatic proteins, finding significant changes in their levels.
  • - The study revealed that many cytochrome P450 enzymes were down-regulated in NAFLD, affecting drug metabolism, but CYP2D levels remained stable, highlighting the complex interactions between liver health and drug processing.
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Ethanol-induced fat accumulation, the earliest and most common response of the liver to ethanol exposure, may be involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), an important constituent of Glycyrrhizae Radix, is a chalcone derivative that exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and phytoestrogenic activities. However, the effect of ISL treatment on lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and alcoholic hepatitis remains unclear.

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ABCC11 is reported to be associated with breast cancer. However, whether ABCC11 polymorphisms relate to breast cancer risk remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate any association of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs17822931, in ABCC11 with breast cancer in Koreans.

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Aims/hypothesis: Orexin A (OXA) is a neuropeptide implicated in the regulation of arousal status and energy metabolism. Orexin receptors are expressed not only in the central nervous system but also in the pancreas and adipose tissue. However, little is known about the physiological function of orexins.

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  • GLP-1 has been found to reduce the apoptosis (cell death) of pancreatic β-cells caused by high glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.
  • A brief 30-minute treatment with GLP-1 protects these cells by activating a specific signaling pathway (PI3K/AKT-S473), which leads to the suppression of another protein called FoxO-1.
  • The study concludes that the protective effects of GLP-1 against glucotoxicity involve complex interactions within cell signaling pathways, particularly the PI3K/mTORC2/AKT-S473 system.
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Prolonged hyperglycemia results in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis, referred to as glucotoxicity. Although both oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses have been implicated as major causative mechanisms of β-cell glucotoxicity, the reciprocal importance between the two remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differential effect of oxidative stress and ER stress on β-cell glucotoxicity, by employing melatonin which has free radical-scavenging and antioxidant properties.

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  • - The study investigates the effects of green tea extract (GTE) combined with poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) on obesity and type 2 diabetes in db/db mice, which are a model for diabetes, comparing it to GTE and γ-PGA alone.
  • - The GTE+γ-PGA combination significantly reduced weight gain, body fat, and glucose intolerance in db/db mice, whereas neither GTE nor γ-PGA alone showed noteworthy effects after four weeks.
  • - The findings suggest that the combination of GTE and γ-PGA could be more effective in preventing obesity and obesity-related type 2 diabetes than using GTE or γ-PGA alone.
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