Children with functional abdominal pain disorders successfully decrease FODMAP food intake on a low FODMAP diet with modest improvements in nutritional intake and diet quality.

Background: We sought to determine how a low fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diet (LFD) affected high FODMAP food intake, nutrient intake, and diet quality in children with functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD).

Methods: Children (ages 7-13 years) with Rome IV FAPD began a dietitian-guided LFD. Three-day food records were captured at baseline and 2-3 weeks into the LFD.

Fructan-sensitive children with irritable bowel syndrome have distinct gut microbiome signatures.

Background: Dietary fructans may worsen gastrointestinal symptoms in children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Aim: To determine whether gut microbiome composition and function are associated with childhood IBS fructan-induced symptoms.

Methods: Faecal samples were collected from 38 children aged 7-17 years with paediatric Rome III IBS, who previously completied a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled crossover (fructan vs maltodextrin) trial.

Evaluation of FODMAP Carbohydrates Content in Selected Foods in the United States.

We analyzed the fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyols (FODMAP) content of several foods potentially low in FODMAP which are commonly consumed by children. We determined that several processed foods (eg, gluten-free baked products) had unlabeled FODMAP content. Determining FODMAP content within foods distributed in the US may support educational and dietary interventions.

Fructans Exacerbate Symptoms in a Subset of Children With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background & Aims: Dietary fructans exacerbate symptoms in some, but not all, adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We sought to determine whether fructans worsen symptoms in children with IBS and whether clinical and psychosocial factors, and/or gas production, can identify those who are fructan sensitive.

Methods: We performed a double-blind placebo-controlled (maltodextrin) cross-over trial of 23 children with IBS, based on pediatric Rome III criteria, from September 2014 through December 2016.

Gut microbiota influences low fermentable substrate diet efficacy in children with irritable bowel syndrome.

We sought to determine whether a low fermentable substrate diet (LFSD) decreases abdominal pain frequency in children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and to identify potential microbial factors related to diet efficacy. Pain symptoms, stooling characteristics, breath hydrogen and methane, whole intestinal transit time, stool microbiome, and metabolite composition were collected and/or documented in eight children with IBS at baseline and during one week of an LFSD intervention. Pain frequency (P<0.