Publications by authors named "Ann Olsson"
Environmental risk factors of Wilms tumour: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
EJC Paediatr Oncol
December 2024
Wilms tumour (WT) is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in children. Elucidating modifiable risk factors is crucial in identifying venues for primary prevention of the disease. This study aimed to review literature and synthesize environmental risk factors for WT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Increased lung cancer risks for low socioeconomic status (SES) groups are only partially attributable to smoking habits. Little effort has been made to investigate the persistent risks related to low SES by quantification of potential biases.
Methods: Based on 12 case-control studies, including 18 centers of the international SYNERGY project (16,550 cases, 20,147 controls), we estimated controlled direct effects (CDE) of SES on lung cancer via multiple logistic regression, adjusted for age, study center, and smoking habits and stratified by sex.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to explore the connection between different job histories and the risk of developing buccal mucosa cancer (BMC) in men aged 20-75 years, using a case-control approach across multiple centers in Mumbai.
- - Researchers found that certain occupations significantly increased the risk of BMC, including craft trades, machine operation, and elementary jobs, with specific groups like metal workers and drivers showing the highest risks.
- - The study suggests preventive measures, like minimizing hazardous exposure in these jobs and focusing on tobacco control, could help reduce BMC risk, and highlights the need for further research to pinpoint specific harmful exposures linked to the disease.
Objectives: Etiological factors of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) remain largely unknown, but a causal role of occupational exposures to solvents has been suggested. Previous studies analyzing these exposures reported discordant results, potentially related to exposure assessment methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of occupational exposure to solvents on the risk of developing TGCT among young men.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most frequent cancer in young men in developed countries. Parental occupational exposures during early-life periods are suspected to increase TGCT risk. The objective was to estimate the association between parental occupations at birth and adult TGCT.
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- The study assessed how different dimensions of the quantitative job-exposure matrix (SYN-JEM) impact the correlation between silica exposure and lung cancer risk, using data from 16,901 lung cancer cases and 20,965 controls from global studies.
- The analysis revealed that including all dimensions of SYN-JEM resulted in the best fit for predicting lung cancer odds, while omitting job-specific estimates led to a poor model fit.
- The findings suggest that to accurately model the exposure-response relationship between silica and lung cancer, it’s crucial to use all relevant factors, including job specifics, time, and region in the analysis.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined mortality rates among workers at the largest chrysotile mine in Asbest, Russia, from 1975 to 2010, with follow-up until 2015.
- It included over 30,000 workers, finding significant lung cancer mortality in men related to cumulative dust exposure, while women showed a weaker association.
- The research confirmed a high risk of mesothelioma in workers with substantial fiber exposure, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring of worker health.
Background: While much research has been done to identify individual workplace lung carcinogens, little is known about joint effects on risk when workers are exposed to multiple agents.
Objectives: We investigated the pairwise joint effects of occupational exposures to asbestos, respirable crystalline silica, metals (i.e.
Background: Worldwide, lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. The present study explored associations between occupational exposures that are prevalent among women, and lung cancer.
Methods: Data from 10 case-control studies of lung cancer from Europe, Canada, and New Zealand conducted between 1988 and 2008 were combined.
Background: Childhood brain tumours (CBTs) are the leading cause of cancer death in children under the age of 20 years globally. Though the aetiology of CBT remains poorly understood, it is thought to be multifactorial. We aimed to synthesize potential risk factors for CBT to inform primary prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOccupational Benzene Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of 14 Case-Control Studies.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
January 2024
Benzene has been classified as carcinogenic to humans, but there is limited evidence linking benzene exposure to lung cancer. We aimed to examine the relationship between occupational benzene exposure and lung cancer. Subjects from 14 case-control studies across Europe and Canada were pooled.
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- The study investigates the link between parental occupational exposure to solvents and the risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) in their sons, focusing on environmental risk factors during pregnancy.
- The research involved a nationwide case-control study in France with 454 TGCT cases and 670 controls, assessing parental job exposure to various solvents through structured interviews and job-exposure matrices.
- Findings indicated a slight increase in TGCT risk associated with paternal exposure to certain solvents, particularly trichloroethylene, and a higher risk for men born in the 1970s with maternal exposure to fuels, but overall no strong connection between solvent exposure and TGCT was established.
Article Synopsis
- Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most common cancer in young men and their incidence has significantly increased over the past 40 years, prompting this study to investigate the link between certain occupations and TGCT risk in men aged 18-45.
- The TESTIS study, conducted in metropolitan France from 2015 to 2018, included 454 TGCT cases and 670 controls, collecting comprehensive job histories, and analyzed the data using statistical methods to estimate odds ratios for different occupations.
- Results indicated a higher TGCT risk in agricultural workers, salesmen, and electrical fitters, suggesting the need for further research to uncover specific agents or chemicals contributing to this increased risk in these professions.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how primary healthcare professionals view their collaboration with patient representatives in developing health services, highlighting the importance of effective participation.* -
- Focus group interviews revealed that professionals see patient representatives as colleagues, yet they often struggle to balance authority and collaboration, which can complicate the development process.* -
- The findings emphasize the need for skilled facilitators to guide collaborations and suggest that improving education on patient participation could help address uncertainties faced by healthcare professionals.*
Globally, bladder cancer has been identified as one of the most frequent occupational cancers, but our understanding of occupational bladder cancer risk in Iran is less advanced. This study aimed to assess the risk of bladder cancer in relation to occupation in Iran. We used the IROPICAN case-control study data including 717 incident cases and 3477 controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLung cancer risk in relation to jobs held in a nationwide case-control study in Iran.
Occup Environ Med
December 2022
Background: Globally, lung cancer is the most frequent occupational cancer, but the risk associated with the occupations or occupational environment in Iran is not clear. We aimed to assess occupations with the risk of lung cancer.
Methods: We used the IROPICAN nationwide case-control study data including 658 incident lung cancer cases and 3477 controls.
Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in young men. Its causes are largely unknown, although prenatal occupational and environmental exposures have been suggested. We investigated paternal occupational exposure to heavy metals and welding fumes and the risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) in their offspring.
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- There is limited evidence linking lung cancer risk with hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and nickel exposure, prompting a study that pooled data from 14 case-control studies in Europe and Canada involving over 16,000 lung cancer cases.
- The study utilized a job-exposure matrix to estimate exposure levels to Cr(VI) and nickel, analyzing their effects alongside smoking habits while adjusting for other variables.
- Findings showed increased odds ratios for lung cancer associated with higher exposure levels, particularly among men, and indicated that the combined effects of these exposures and smoking were greater than additive but similar to multiplicative.
Parental occupational exposures around conception (father) or during pregnancy (mother) have been hypothesized as potential predisposing factors for childhood leukaemia. We investigated parental exposure to several known occupational carcinogens and childhood leukaemia risk. We conducted a pooled analysis using case-control data from four European countries (3362 childhood leukemia cases and 6268 controls).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) occurs widely in occupational settings. We investigated the association between occupational exposure to PAH and lung cancer risk and joint effects with smoking within the SYNERGY project.
Methods: We pooled 14 case-control studies with information on lifetime occupational and smoking histories conducted between 1985 and 2010 in Europe and Canada.
Leukemia is the most common type of cancer among children and adolescents worldwide. The aim of this umbrella review was (1) to provide a synthesis of the environmental risk factors for the onset of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by exposure window, (2) evaluate their strength of evidence and magnitude of risk, and as an example (3) estimate the prevalence in the German population, which determines the relevance at the population level. Relevant systematic reviews and pooled analyses were identified and retrieved through PubMed, Web of Science databases and lists of references.
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- The study investigated the link between parental jobs in wood-related fields during pregnancy and the risk of testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) in their sons, using data from a large case-control study in Nordic countries.
- Results showed no increased risk for TGCT in sons of mothers with wood-related jobs, while fathers’ wood-related occupations were linked to a slight decrease in risk, although most specific jobs did not show a significant association.
- A rare exception was noted for sons of fathers who were cabinetmakers and joiners just before conception, showing a potential increased risk, but overall, the study concluded there was no strong evidence connecting wood-related job exposures to TGCT in offspring.
Objectives: Exposure assessment for retrospective industrial cohorts are often hampered by limited availability of historical measurements. This study describes the development of company-specific job-exposure matrices (JEMs) based on measurements collected over five decades for a cohort study of 35 837 workers (Asbest Chrysotile Cohort Study) in the Russian Federation to estimate their cumulative exposure to chrysotile containing dust and fibres.
Methods: Almost 100 000 recorded stationary dust measurements were available from 1951-2001 (factories) and 1964-2001 (mine).