The Child Concentration Inventory (CCI): Initial validation of a child self-report measure of sluggish cognitive tempo.

Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) is characterized by excessive daydreaming, mental confusion, slowness, and low motivation. Several teacher- and parent-report measures of SCT have recently been developed but a child self-report measure of SCT does not yet exist despite clear links between SCT and internalizing psychopathology (for which self-report is often desired). This study examined the initial reliability and validity of the Child Concentration Inventory (CCI), a child self-report measure of SCT symptoms, in a school-based sample of 124 children (ages 8-13; 55% female).

Endoscopic evaluation and therapies of biliary disorders.

Biliary disorders were once only accessible by orthodox surgery but are now diagnosed and treated by multiple methods and specialists. Therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography has flourished and continues to grow after its introduction with the first biliary spincterotomies in 1974 in Germany and Japan. The therapeutic biliary endoscopist contributes to the management of all biliary disorders and in many cases endoscopy is the preferable approach.

EUS-guided FNA diagnostic yield of malignancy in solid pancreatic masses: a benchmark for quality performance measurement.

Background: The diagnostic yield of EUS-guided FNA (EUS-FNA) of solid pancreatic masses is a potential benchmark for EUS-FNA quality, because the majority of EUS-FNA of solid pancreatic masses should be diagnostic for malignancy.

Objectives: To determine the cytologic diagnostic rate of malignancy in EUS-FNA of solid pancreatic masses and to determine if variability exists among endoscopists and centers.

Design: Multicenter retrospective study.

Complications of capsule endoscopy.

Capsule endoscopy is generally a safe procedure with few complications. Clinically significant complications including symptomatic capsule retention and aspiration occur in less than 2% of examinations. There is currently no accepted means of accurately predicting or preventing capsule retention.

Update on biliary endoscopy.

Purpose Of Review: Since the introduction of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, there have been great improvements in the technique, equipment, and clinical utility of biliary endoscopy. In many cases, therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography can take the place of invasive surgery, including common bile duct exploration, thereby decreasing the patient's morbidity and recuperation time. Even with advances, such as stent placement for biliary strictures in a patient after liver transplantation, there is still room for improvement.

Recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis. Tackling a tenacious nosocomial infection.

C difficile infection recurs in about 20% of previously treated hospitalized patients. The elderly and patients with underlying colonic disease who have recently used antibiotics are at high risk. Signs and symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and leukocytosis.