Differences between the pediatric and adult presentation of fibromuscular dysplasia: results from the US Registry.

Background: Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-inflammatory arteriopathy that causes significant morbidity in children.

Methods: The clinical features, presenting symptoms, and vascular beds involved are reviewed in the first 33 patients aged <18 years who are enrolled in the United States Registry for FMD from five registry sites and compared with 999 adult patients from 12 registry sites.

Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 8.

Quality improvement guidelines for pediatric abscess and fluid drainage.

Image-guided drainage of abscesses and fluid collections is a valuable tool in the treatment of pediatric patients. It may obviate surgery or optimize the child’s clinical condition for subsequent surgery. Compared with adults, several differences exist in terms of etiology, risks (especially radiation exposure), preprocedural imaging and planning, technical considerations, support issues such as sedation, and complications.

Multiple ruptured cerebral aneurysms in a child with Takayasu arteritis.

The authors report the case of an 18-month-old girl who presented with a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm, and who was later diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis. Her initial aneurysm was successfully treated with clip application. However, over a 6-month period she had multiple ruptures from new and rapidly recurring aneurysms adjacent to the clips.

Interventional radiology: a modular approach.

The authors offer a modular approach to the development of new procedures in the field of pediatric interventional radiology as a conceptual model and a springboard for further discussion.

Utility of corticosteroid injection for temporomandibular arthritis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Objective: To assess the effects of computed tomography (CT)-guided injection of corticosteroid into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of TMJ inflammation.

Methods: Twenty-three children ages 4-16 years with JIA and MRI evidence of TMJ inflammation received CT-guided TMJ injections of corticosteroid (triamcinolone acetonide [n = 16] or triamcinolone hexacetonide [n = 7]). Jaw pain or dysfunction and maximal incisal opening (MIO) distance were assessed before and after injection.

Pseudoaneurysm in children: diagnosis and interventional management.

Pseudoaneurysms (PAn) are uncommon in adults and even less common in children. They are most often encountered after iatrogenic arterial injury. Presentation may be substantially delayed after the iatrogenic event, and diagnosis can be difficult, especially when the PAn occurs in an unexpected location.

Closed reduction with CT-guided screw fixation for unstable sacroiliac joint fracture-dislocation.

Background: Unstable posterior pelvic ring fractures and dislocations are uncommon but potentially life-threatening injuries in children. Early definitive management reduces risk of immediate complications as well as chronic pain and gait dysfunction. Conventional operative therapy carries substantial risk of extensive blood loss and iatrogenic neurological and vascular injury.