Stress and mental health symptoms in early pregnancy are associated with the oral microbiome.

Background: Research has revealed associations between microbes of the gastrointestinal tract and stress, anxiety and depression in pregnant or postpartum women. While these studies suggest a gut-brain-behaviour axis, no studies have examined microbes of the oral cavity in relation to maternal mental health.

Objective: To explore a potential oral-brain-behaviour axis related to maternal mental health.

A global multicohort study to map subcortical brain development and cognition in infancy and early childhood.

The human brain grows quickly during infancy and early childhood, but factors influencing brain maturation in this period remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we harmonized data from eight diverse cohorts, creating one of the largest pediatric neuroimaging datasets to date focused on birth to 6 years of age. We mapped the developmental trajectory of intracranial and subcortical volumes in ∼2,000 children and studied how sociodemographic factors and adverse birth outcomes influence brain structure and cognition.

Therapeutic benefits of flavonoids against neuroinflammation: a systematic review.

Flavonoids are an important class of natural polyphenolic compounds reported to exert beneficial effects in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, cancer, autoimmune and neurological disorders. Flavonoids possess potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and immuno-modulation properties. Intriguingly, the importance of flavonoids in different neurological disorders is gaining more attention due to the safety, better pharmacokinetic profile and blood-brain barrier penetration, cost-effectiveness and readiness for clinical uses/trials.

Genetic association of DNMT variants can play a critical role in defining the methylation patterns in autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with impairments in social communication, restricted, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Both genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute toward pathophysiology of Autism. Environmental influences on gene expression can be mediated by methylation patterns which are established and maintained by DNA methyltransferases.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines and their epistatic interactions in genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia.

Background: In schizophrenia, genetic background may provide a substrate for intrinsic maldevelopment of the brain through environmental influences, by recruiting neurotrophic factors and cytokines, to trigger the changes that lead to impaired neuronal functions. Cytokines being the key regulators of immune/inflammatory reactions are also known to influence the dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic neurotransmission. Therefore, functional polymorphisms in cytokine genes may result in imbalances in the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production.

Non Diphtheritic Corynebacteria: An Emerging Nosocomial Pathogen in Skin and Soft Tissue Infection.

Introduction: Non-diphtheritic corynebacteria are normal inhabitants of skin and mucous membrane. When isolated from clinical specimens they are often considered as contaminants. Recent reports suggest their role as emerging nosocomial pathogens.

Prevalence of Mupirocin Resistance Among Staphylococci, its Clinical Significance and Relationship to Clinical Use.

Introduction: Mupirocin competitively inhibits bacterial isoleucyl transfer-RNA synthetase and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Widespread usage and over the counter availability of the drug has resulted in resistance among Staphylococcus species.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the overall prevalence of mupirocin resistance among staphylococci.

Circadian rhythm of homocysteine is hCLOCK genotype dependent.

Homocysteine (Hcy) is known to be a prognostic marker for neurological, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and several other pathophysiological conditions. A sudden surge in Hcy can increase cardiovascular events. Hemodynamic modulations are known to be associated with individual's chronotype.