Hepatitis C virus infects and perturbs liver stem cells.

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes liver disease, affecting millions. Even though we have effective antivirals that cure HCV, they cannot stop terminal liver disease. We used an adult stem cell-derived liver organoid system to understand how HCV infection leads to the progression of terminal liver disease.

Modelling T-cell immunity against hepatitis C virus with liver organoids in a microfluidic coculture system.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a global public health challenge with an estimated 71 million people chronically infected, with surges in new cases and no effective vaccine. New methods are needed to study the human immune response to HCV since animal models are limited and cancer cell models often show dysregulated immune and proliferative responses. Here, we developed a CD8 T cell and adult stem cell liver organoid system using a microfluidic chip to coculture 3D human liver organoids embedded in extracellular matrix with HLA-matched primary human T cells in suspension.

Lisdexamfetamine Pharmacokinetic Comparison Between Patients Who Underwent Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Nonsurgical Controls.

Introduction/purpose: The objective of this research was to characterize the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on the pharmacokinetic properties of the pro-drug lisdexamfetamine and its active metabolite, d-amphetamine.

Materials And Methods: A case-control design was used where patients who had undergone RYGB 9-24 months prior were matched on sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) to nonsurgical controls who had no history of weight loss surgery. Each participant received a single 50 mg dose of lisdexamfetamine, and plasma samples were collected over a 24-h period following dosing.

The Evaluation of Screening Questionnaires for Obstructive Sleep Apnea to Identify High-Risk Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is extremely common among bariatric surgical candidates. Identifying those at risk for moderate to severe OSA is challenging. Testing all bariatric surgical candidates with a level 1 polysomnographic study is expensive and resource intensive.

Examining the role of self-discrepancy and self-directed style in bulimia nervosa.

Two of the primary components within Integrative Cognitive Affective Therapy (ICAT) are self-discrepancy and self-directed style. Self-discrepancy includes both actual:ideal (discrepancy between oneself and who one wishes they were) and actual:ought (discrepancy between oneself and who one believes they ought to be). Self-directed style in ICAT refers to a variety of behaviors emitted by a person toward the self including self-blaming and self-affirming.

Comparison of Warfarin Dosages and International Normalized Ratios Before and After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery.

Study Objective: As data are limited for dosing warfarin in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery, our objective was to gather data on warfarin pharmacotherapy to aid in the prescribing practices and dosage adjustment of warfarin after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Design: Retrospective medical record review.

Setting: Anticoagulation clinic.

Survey on laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) at the Fourth International Consensus Summit on Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Background: LSG has been increasingly performed. Long-term follow-up is necessary.

Methods: During the Fourth International Consensus Summit on LSG in New York Dec.

Third International Summit: Current status of sleeve gastrectomy.

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has been performed for morbid obesity in the past 10 years. LSG was originally intended as a first-stage procedure in high-risk patients but has become a stand-alone operation for many bariatric surgeons. Ongoing review is necessary regarding the durability of the weight loss, complications, and need for second-stage operations.

Evidence-based mental health interventions for traumatized youth: a statewide dissemination project.

Psychological trauma in childhood has been shown to increase a variety of psychological disturbances and psychiatric disorders. Although evidence-based treatments for children who have been traumatized exist, they are infrequently used by clinicians treating children. The present paper describes the creation of the Treatment Collaborative for Traumatized Youth (TCTY) which is a statewide partnership in North Dakota designed to disseminate efficacious treatments for traumatized children and monitor outcomes across a broad, rural, geographic expanse.

A prevalence study and description of alli use by patients with eating disorders.

Objective: This study examined the frequency and characteristics of alli use among patients in eating disorder treatment facilities.

Method: Patients from five treatment centers completed the Survey of Eating and Related Behaviors. Diagnoses were determined from survey responses.

The Second International Consensus Summit for Sleeve Gastrectomy, March 19-21, 2009.

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a rapid and comparatively simple bariatric operation, which thus far shows good resolution of co-morbidities and good weight loss. The potential peri-operative complications must be recognized and treated promptly. Like other bariatric operations, there are variations in technique.

The effect of age on weight-related quality of life in overweight and obese individuals.

The objective of the current study was to investigate the association between age and weight-related quality of life in a broad range of overweight/obese individuals. Participants included 9,991 overweight and obese adults from a cross sectional database (mean age = 44.9, mean BMI = 38.

T cell responses to human endogenous retroviruses in HIV-1 infection.

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of ancient infectious agents that have integrated into the human genome. Under normal circumstances, HERVs are functionally defective or controlled by host factors. In HIV-1-infected individuals, intracellular defense mechanisms are compromised.