A Unique Spectrum of Care Tool Provides a Self-Regulated Learning Opportunity and Facilitates Client Communication.

Providing only the most state-of-the-art, intensive, and expensive level of treatment available does not meet the needs of every pet owner and pet. To overcome this barrier, veterinarians are working to provide spectrum of care (SOC) options to pet owners. This teaching tip describes the creation of a Spectrum of Care Options Presentation and Explanation (SCOPE), a tool which can serve a variety of educational purposes and improve delivery of care across the spectrum of care.

Improving access to advanced veterinary care for rescued cats and dogs.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to describe the AMC to the Rescue (AMCTTR) funding criteria and the application process; (2) to describe the distribution of species cared for through the program, the medical conditions treated in cats compared with those treated in dogs and the cost of that care; and (3) to define the successes and challenges of the program.

Methods: The AMCTTR database was reviewed for applications submitted between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2022. Data collected included the following: the date of application; rescue organization seeking financial support; species; age of pet at time of application; expenditures funded by AMCTTR; and the method by which the rescue organization learned about AMCTTR.

Safety and efficacy of a ribose-cysteine supplement to increase erythrocyte glutathione concentration in healthy dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the safety of oral administration of a d-ribose-l-cysteine (RibCys) supplement to dogs and the effect of this supplementation on erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) concentration.

Animals: 24 healthy adult dogs.

Procedures: In a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial, dogs received 500 mg of a RibCys supplement or placebo (n = 12/group), PO, every 12 hours for 4 weeks.

Incidence and treatment of feline renal lymphoma: 27 cases.

Objectives: Lymphoma is the most common feline hematopoietic malignancy. Incidence of renal lymphoma has not been reported as a subset of a large population of feline lymphoma cases. Previous studies have reported renal lymphoma as both a singular entity as well as a component of multicentric disease.

Air Gun Ballistic Projectile Lodged in the Interventricular Septum of an Asymptomatic Dog.

• A gunshot to a dog embedded a metallic projectile in the interventricular septum. • Direct cardiac penetration or venous embolism to the heart were hypothesized. • No effusion, shunting, arrhythmia, or hemodynamic compromise was present.

Feline non-regenerative anemia: Diagnostic and treatment recommendations.

Practical Relevance: Non-regenerative anemia, or anemia with reticulocytopenia, is a daily diagnosis in feline practice.

Clinical Challenges: The disease processes underlying non-regenerative anemia are many and diverse. A major diagnostic evaluation may be required to correctly diagnose and treat the underlying cause.

A comparison of risk factors for metastasis at diagnosis in humans and dogs with osteosarcoma.

Background: Canine osteosarcoma (OS) is a relevant spontaneous model for human OS. Identifying similarities in clinical characteristics associated with metastasis at diagnosis in both species may substantiate research aimed at using canine OS as a model for identifying mechanisms driving distant spread in the human disease.

Methods: This retrospective study included dog OS cases from three academic veterinary hospitals and human OS cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program.

Feline large-cell lymphoma following previous treatment for small-cell gastrointestinal lymphoma: incidence, clinical signs, clinicopathologic data, treatment of a secondary malignancy, response and survival.

Objectives: Lymphoma is a common and clinically important malignancy in cats. Development of a second malignancy has been reported previously in 7-14% of cats with small-cell gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma. The aim of our study was to describe the incidence, clinical signs, clinicopathologic data, response to therapy and outcomes in cats diagnosed with large-cell lymphoma following treatment for small-cell GI lymphoma.

Effect of cross-match on packed cell volume after transfusion of packed red blood cells in transfusion-naïve anemic cats.

Background: Novel feline RBC antigens might contribute to decreased efficacy of RBC transfusion and increased incidence of acute transfusion reactions (ATR).

Objectives: To examine the effect of major cross-match in transfusion-naïve anemic cats on the incidence of acute immunologic transfusion reaction and transfusion efficacy for up to 24 hours after transfusion.

Animals: Forty-eight client owned transfusion-naïve anemic cats.

Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Soft Tissue Sarcoma: An Evidence-Based Review of Case Management.

Canine cutaneous and subcutaneous soft tissue sarcomas (STS) account for 20.3% of malignant neoplasms of the skin. This article makes recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up in dogs with STS, using evidence-based medicine concepts.

Evaluation of the relationship between clinical variables and thromboelastographic findings in dogs with protein-losing nephropathy.

Objective: To determine whether hypercoagulability in proteinuric dogs, defined by thromboelastography (TEG), is related to the degree of proteinuria, presence of systemic arterial hypertension, presence of hypoalbuminemia, or reduced antithrombin activity.

Design: Prospective study of client-owned dogs. Data collected from each patient included signalment, body weight, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC), serum albumin concentration, TEG values, noninvasive arterial blood pressure, and AT activity.

Cutaneous MCTs: associations with spay/neuter status, breed, body size, and phylogenetic cluster.

Certain breeds are known to be overrepresented among mast cell tumor (MCT) patients, but other risk factors have not been evaluated. This study presents results from a case-control study of 252 dogs with grade 2 or grade 3 cutaneous MCT. Increased risk for MCT development was found in spayed females (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.

Feline exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: 16 cases (1992-2007).

Medical records of 16 cats diagnosed with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) were reviewed. The diagnosis was confirmed with either a serum feline trypsin-like immunoreactivity (fTLI) concentration View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Red blood cell transfusions in cats: 126 cases (1999).

Objective: To determine the number of and reasons for RBC transfusions, incidence of acute transfusion reactions, prevalence of blood types, volume of blood administered, change in PCV, and clinical outcome in cats.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: 126 cats that received RBC transfusions.

Importance of blood groups and blood group antibodies in companion animals.

Dogs, cats, birds, and ferrets are popular companion animals. Because these pets are considered by many to be family members, they are provided high-quality veterinary medical care, including blood transfusions. This article reviews the current status of blood groups in dogs, cats, birds, and ferrets and discusses the impact of blood groups on veterinary transfusion medicine.

Hypofractionated radiation therapy of oral melanoma in five cats.

Five cats with melanoma involving the oral cavity were treated with hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT). Cobalt photons were used to administer three fractions of 8.0 Gray (Gy) for a total dose of 24 Gy.

Case-control study of blood type, breed, sex, and bacteremia in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.

Objective: To determine whether blood type, breed, or sex were risk factors for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) in dogs and whether bacteremia was common in dogs with IMHA.

Design: Case-control study.

Animals: 33 dogs with IMHA, 1,014 dogs without IMHA for which blood type (dog erythrocyte antigens 1.

Transfusion issues in the cancer patient.

Blood transfusions are a lifesaving but transient therapy used to correct deficiencies of blood cells and coagulation factors that occur in cancer patients. Anemia can occur in cancer patients as a result of hemolysis, blood loss, or bone marrow failure. The blood component most commonly recommended for the treatment of anemia is packed red blood cells.

Risk factors for sterile hemorrhagic cystitis in dogs with lymphoma receiving cyclophosphamide with or without concurrent administration of furosemide: 216 cases (1990-1996).

Objectives: To determine incidence and identify predisposing factors for sterile hemorrhagic cystitis (SHC) in dogs with lymphoma that were treated with cyclophosphamide and to evaluate whether furosemide administered i.v. concurrently with cyclophosphamide decreased the incidence of SHC.

A comparison of owner management and complications in 67 cats with esophagostomy and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding tubes.

Esophagostomy feeding tubes were placed in 46 cats. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) feeding tubes were placed in 21 cats. Owner management and complications and facility of use were evaluated retrospectively by review of medical records and owner survey.

Long-term survival of dogs with advanced malignant melanoma after DNA vaccination with xenogeneic human tyrosinase: a phase I trial.

Purpose: Canine malignant melanoma (CMM) is a spontaneous, aggressive, and metastatic neoplasm. Preclinical mouse studies have shown that xenogeneic DNA vaccination with genes encoding tyrosinase family members can induce antibody and cytotoxic T-cell responses, resulting in tumor rejection. These studies provided the rationale for a trial of xenogeneic DNA vaccination in CMM using the human tyrosinase gene.