Dementia Knowledge and Attitudes of the General Public among the Bangladeshi Community in England: A Focus Group Study.

Background: Increasing life expectancy worldwide means more people will develop dementia. Despite the rapid growth in older Bangladeshi immigrants living in the UK, there is little evidence of how community members understand and view the process of ageing and dementia. However, Bangladeshis have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and heart disease, both of which are important indicators of dementia development in old age.

Traditional Gender Roles and Effects of Dementia Caregiving within a South Asian Ethnic Group in England.

Background: Despite the integral role that women play in the care of older adults in South Asian families, limited empirical data are available on the impact of migration from South Asia to England. The purpose of this research was to examine caring for a family member with dementia from a gender role perspective.

Methods: Data were gathered in two phases: (1) focus groups and (2) semi-structured interviews.

Non-invasive techniques for stimulating urine production in non-toilet trained children: a systematic review.

Background: Urinary tract infection requires collection of a sterile urine specimen for diagnosis, which is difficult and time consuming in pre-continent children. This systematic review summarises evidence of the effectiveness of bladder stimulation techniques on urine collection in pre-continent children, compared with standard techniques.

Methods: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched to May 2019.

A feasibility trial of Acetic acid-targeted Biopsies versus nontargeted quadrantic biopsies during BArrett's surveillance: the ABBA trial.

Background: The aims of this study were to compare neoplasia detection rates for nontargeted biopsies (Seattle protocol) versus acetic acid-targeted biopsies (Portsmouth protocol) during Barrett's surveillance and to explore feasibility, patient/clinician experience, acceptance, and barriers/enablers to study participation and implementation of the acetic acid technique.

Methods: This was a mixed-methods feasibility study including a pilot multicenter, randomized, crossover trial with qualitative interviews. Patients under Barrett's surveillance with no history of neoplasia were included.

Nocturnal temperature-controlled laminar airflow device for adults with severe allergic asthma: the LASER RCT.

Background: Severe asthma exacerbations are costly to patients and the NHS, and occur frequently in severely allergic patients.

Objective: To ascertain whether or not nocturnal temperature-controlled laminar airflow (TLA) device usage over 12 months can reduce severe exacerbations and improve asthma control and quality of life compared with a placebo device, while being cost-effective and acceptable to adults with severe allergic asthma.

Design: A pragmatic, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, superiority trial with qualitative interviews.

Modern Innovative Solutions to Improve Outcomes in Asthma, Breathlessness, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (MISSION ABC): Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study.

Background: A high proportion of the costs for respiratory diseases are generated by a relatively small group of patients with severe disease (recognized or unrecognized) or complex problems that include multimorbidity, at-risk behaviors, and socioeconomic disadvantage. These patients often struggle to engage with the structured, proactive, care approaches for chronic disease management advocated for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), resulting in repeated emergency use of both primary and secondary health care. An integrated approach for the management of complex patients, incorporating both specialist and primary care teams' expertise, may be effective in improving outcomes for such high-risk patients.

Awareness and understanding of dementia in South Asians: A synthesis of qualitative evidence.

Background: Despite a growing elderly South Asian population, little is known about the experience of diagnosis and care for those living with dementia. There have been a number of individual qualitative studies exploring the experiences of South Asian people living with dementia and their carers across different contexts. There has also been a growing interest in synthesizing qualitative research to systematically integrate qualitative evidence from multiple studies to tell us more about a topic at a more abstract level than single studies alone.

Acetic acid-guided biopsies in Barrett's surveillance for neoplasia detection versus non-targeted biopsies (Seattle protocol): A feasibility study for a randomized tandem endoscopy trial. The ABBA study.

Background And Study Aims: Barrett's esophagus is a potentially pre-cancerous condition, affecting 375,000 people in the UK. Patients receive a 2-yearly endoscopy to detect cancerous changes, as early detection and treatment results in better outcomes. Current treatment requires random mapping biopsies along the length of Barrett's, in addition to biopsy of visible abnormalities.

Modern Innovative Solutions in Improving Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (MISSION COPD): A Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Before and After the MISSION Clinic.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) affects over 1 million people in the United Kingdom, and 1 person dies from COPD every 20 minutes. The cost to people with COPD and the National Health Service is huge - more than 24 million working days lost a year and the annual expenditure on COPD is £810 million and £930 million a year.

Objective: We aim to identify patients with COPD who are at risk of exacerbations and hospital admissions as well as those who have not been formally diagnosed, yet remain at risk.

The SENSOR Study: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study of Self-Management Checks to Predict Exacerbations of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Patients with Long-Term Respiratory Conditions.

Background: There are an estimated three million people in the United Kingdom with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the incidence of bronchiectasis is estimated at around 0.1% but is more common in COPD and severe asthma. Both COPD and bronchiectasis are characterized by exacerbations in which bacteria play a central role.

Teaching evidence-based synthesis: an examination of the development and delivery of two innovative methodologies used at the University of Portsmouth.

Evidence based practice (EBP) is a process that involves making conscientious decisions that take into account the best available information, clinical expertise, and values and experiences of the patient. EBP helps empower health care professionals to establish service provisions that are clinically excellent, cost-effective, and culturally sensitive to the wishes of their patients. With a need for rapid integration of new evidence into EBP, systematic reviews and meta-analyses have become important tools for health care professionals.

Natural menopause among women below 50 years in India: A population-based study.

Background & Objectives: The age at which menopause naturally occurs may reflect nutritional and environmental circumstances as well as genetic factors. In this study we examined natural menopause as a marker of women's health at the population level in India and in some major States.

Methods: Data from the Indian District Level Household Survey (DLHS) carried out during 2007-2008 covering 643,944 ever-married women aged 15-49 yr were used; women of older ages were not included in this survey.

Temperature-controlled laminar airflow in severe asthma for exacerbation reduction (The LASER Trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Asthma affects more than 5 million patients in the United Kingdom. Nearly 500,000 of these patients have severe asthma with severe symptoms and frequent exacerbations that are inadequately controlled with available treatments. The burden of severe asthma on the NHS is enormous, accounting for 80 % of the total asthma cost (£1 billion), with frequent exacerbations and expensive medications generating much of this cost.

Moving forward: a qualitative research inquiry to inform the development of a resource pack for women following primary breast cancer treatment.

While the UK charity Breast Cancer Care has extensive resources for women with breast cancer, this research partnership developed the first resource driven and informed by primary research with these women, exploring their needs and developing the resource according to need. Data were collected from focus groups with breast cancer survivors and telephone interviews with health professionals and experts, which explored the needs of women after primary cancer treatment, and were analyzed using thematic analysis. As well as information, these women needed resources to help them regain control over life, adapt to a changed body, and restore lost confidence.

The sociogram: a useful tool in the analysis of focus groups.

Background: Focus groups are being utilized increasingly in health services research; however, methods of analyzing focus groups to acknowledge group processes are still under development.

Objectives: To explore the use of sociograms as a tool in focus group analyses.

Methods: Sociograms are presented for two focus groups which were conducted to complement a randomized controlled trial on the use of audiovisual distraction during minor surgery.

Nurses' management of patients with advanced cancer and weight loss: part 2.

Weight loss and eating-related disorders are commonly seen in patients with advanced cancer. Using a qualitative approach this study set out to explore how nurses currently manage weight loss and eating difficulties in everyday practice as well as exploring what guides their decision-making with regard to choice of nutritional interventions and support strategies employed. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses from both hospital and community settings.

Assessment and monitoring of nutritional status in patients with advanced cancer: part 1.

Using a qualitative approach, this study set out to explore nurses' management of patients with advanced cancer, weight loss and eating-associated problems. Extreme weight loss is commonly seen in patients with incurable solid tumour cancer and, to date, it has proved difficult to manage successfully. Currently, little is known about how nurses (often directly involved in the delivery of palliative care) assess weight loss and nutritional status in everyday practice in order to provide appropriate support.