Screening and analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism in the 3'-UTR microRNA target regions and its implications for lung tumorigenesis.

The study aims to identify high-impact single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA target sites of genes associated with lung cancer. Lung cancer genes were obtained from Uniprot KB. miRNA target site SNPs were mined from MirSNP, miRdSNP and TargetScan.

infected scalp abscess with osteomyelitis following a cephalhaematoma in a neonate.

We discuss an illustrative case of infected scalp abscess with osteomyelitis following a cephalhaematoma in a 19-day-old neonate. Cephalhaematoma is a common occurrence in neonates after prolonged labour, instrument-assisted, and traumatic deliveries and resolves spontaneously in the majority of cases. Infection may follow haematogenous dissemination or direct inoculation via a skin breach.

Renal resistive index by point of care ultrasound to predict sepsis associated acute kidney injury in critically ill children.

Background: Sepsis associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is linked with adverse outcomes in the PICU. Doppler-based renal resistive index (RRI) has shown promising results in adults for prediction of AKI. We aimed to explore the performance of RRI in children with sepsis.

Congenital Absence of Sternum: A Surgical Technique for Successful Outcome.

Congenital absence of sternum is a rare malformation of the anterior chest wall that needs surgical correction to avoid life-threatening complications as a consequence of such defect. It results from either partial or complete failure of fusion of mesenchymal strip during in utero organogenesis. The absence of sternum entails the risk of trauma to the mediastinal structures and other life-threatening complications.

Tracheobronchial abnormalities on computed tomography angiography in children with congenital heart disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the assortment of tracheobronchial abnormalities on computed tomography angiography (CTA) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: In this study approved by the Institute ethics committee, CTA studies of 182 children (age range: 2 days-8 years) with CHD, performed from July 2021 to March 2023 were analyzed. Two pediatric radiologists independently assessed the tracheobronchial airways (from the trachea to lobar bronchi) for developmental and branching anomalies and airway compromise (narrowing).

Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children with atopic dermatitis: A case-control study from northern India.

Background/objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects children worldwide, with potential associations to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Limited research exists on the interplay between AD, MetS, and NAFLD in the pediatric population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and potential relationships among AD, MetS, and NAFLD in children.

Pneumatic Insufflation to Confirm Distal Stoma When in Doubt.

 Distal colostogram and ileostogram are commonly performed radiological procedures in the pediatric population. It is sometimes difficult to identify the distal stoma while performing these procedures.  The aim of this study was to describe a technique for the confident identification of distal stoma.

Decoding the rhabdoid riddle in liver: A rare case of primary hepatic malignant rhabdoid tumor with a comprehensive literature review.

Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the liver is a rare, highly aggressive primary hepatic malignancy occurring primarily in infants. Establishing a definitive diagnosis is challenging due to its rarity, non-specific clinicoradiologic findings, and overlapping morphologic features. Herein, we present the cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical characteristics of a rare case of primary hepatic Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) in an infant.

Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in thoracic tuberculosis in the pediatric population: moving beyond conventional radiology.

Imaging is crucial in the diagnostic work-up and follow-up after treatment in children with thoracic tuberculosis (TB). Despite various technological advances in imaging modalities, chest radiography is the primary imaging modality for initial care and in emergency settings, especially in rural areas and where resources are limited. Ultrasonography (US) of the thorax in TB is one of the emerging applications of US as a radiation-free modality in children.