Scoping review: Machine learning interventions in the management of healthcare systems.

Background: Healthcare institutions focus on improving the quality of life for end-users, with key performance indicators like access to essential medicines reflecting the effectiveness of management. Effective healthcare management involves planning, organizing, and controlling institutions built on human resources, data systems, service delivery, access to medicines, finance, and leadership. According to the World Health Organization, these elements must be balanced for an optimal healthcare system.

Pharmacists's knowledge, attitude, and practices towards pharmaceutical and patient-centred care in asthma management: A national study.

Background: Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease, is effectively managed with medications, yet many patients struggle due to irregular treatment and poor adherence. Pharmacists play a crucial role in improving asthma care through pharmaceutical care (PC) services. This study aims to assess pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding asthma PC in Türkiye.

Exploring the Intention and Hesitancy to Receive a Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine among Patients with Comorbid Disease Conditions Using a Health Belief Model.

Despite the fact that the WHO recommends that adults over the age of 18 have to receive a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The willingness and intention to accept a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine remain major issues among the general population, particularly patients with comorbid disease conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the patterns regarding COVID-19 infection and vaccination, along with the intention and hesitancy to receive a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine among patients with comorbid disease conditions in Istanbul, Türkiye.

A paradigm use of monoclonal antibodies-conjugated nanoparticles in breast cancer treatment: current status and potential approaches.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are integral to cancer treatment over conventional non-specific therapy methods. This study provides a scoping review of the clinically approved mAbs, focusing on the current application of different nanocarrier technologies as drug delivery targets for mAb-conjugated nanoparticles (NPs) as potential features for breast cancer (BC) treatment. An extensive literature search was conducted between the years 2000 and 2023 using various sources of databases.

Clinically Approved Monoclonal Antibodies-based Immunotherapy: Association With Glycemic Control and Impact Role of Clinical Pharmacist for Cancer Patient Care.

Purpose: Compared with more conventional, nonspecific therapy options, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) constitute a crucial approach of cancer treatment. Multiple autoimmune diseases have been observed during treatment with mAb medications, including autoimmune diabetes mellitus (DM). This study provides a narrative review of clinically approved mAbs in cancer treatment and focuses on the development of hyperglycemia and DM arising from using these therapies.

Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of current drug treatments on the clinical outcomes of paediatric spinal muscular atrophy type 1: A systematic review.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe hereditary lower motor neuron disorder characterised by degeneration of alpha motor neurons in the spinal cord, resulting in progressive weakness and paralysis of proximal muscles. A systematic literature search was carried out by using PRISMA guidelines and searching through different databases that could provide findings of evidence on the health outcomes of the approved therapies for the management of paediatric SMA type 1 regarding efficacy with follow-up in terms of motor and respiratory functions and the tolerability and incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) post-treatment from real-world publications. Half of the publications (50%) had a prospective observational design.

Assessment of acceptance, concerns and side effects towards COVID-19 vaccination among the community: A cross-sectional study from Baghdad, Iraq.

Introduction: The newly developed and marketed vaccines along with concerns about vaccine safety and long-term side effects has been raised an alarming in the general population. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of acceptance, perceptions and concerns towards receiving COVID-19 vaccines and to explore the incidence of vaccines' side effects among Iraqi population in Baghdad province, Iraq.

Method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted via direct interviews among a convenient sample size of Iraqi population using a structured validated questionnaire consisting of using 24-item questionnaire to assess acceptance, concerns and the incidence of vaccines' side effects towards receiving COVID-19 vaccines.

A cross-sectional study of community pharmacists' self-reported disease knowledge and competence in the treatment of childhood autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disease that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioural challenges. Given the rising prevalence of autism and multiple medication use, healthcare professionals, including community pharmacists, are required to have sufficient ASD knowledge to affect positively the disease prognosis and related comorbidities.

Aim: To assess community pharmacists' knowledge of disease and pharmacotherapy of ASD, along with the provision of patient education and counselling provided by, community pharmacists in Turkey.

The potential chemo-preventive roles of Malus domestica against the risk of colorectal cancer: A suggestive insight into clinical application.

Biologically active compounds in fruit-derived ingredients, particularly phytochemicals, have significant potential to modulate and mitigate many pathological processes in the development of disease conditions, including cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major public health issue. Nonetheless, prevention is an important step in lowering the rate of mortality from this cancer.

Considerations into pharmacogenomics of COVID-19 pharmacotherapy: Hope, hype and reality.

COVID-19 medicines, such as molnupiravir are beginning to emerge for public health and clinical practice. On the other hand, drugs display marked variability in their efficacy and safety. Hence, COVID-19 medicines, as with all drugs, will be subject to the age-old maxim "one size prescription does not fit all".

Insights into disease and pharmacotherapy knowledge of Alzheimer's disease among community pharmacists: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the knowledge level and awareness of Alzheimer's disease, including knowledge about the disease, pharmacotherapy, provision of patient education and associated factors among community pharmacists across Turkey and Northern Cyprus.

Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among community pharmacists working in Turkey (Group A) and Northern Cyprus (Group B). Disease and pharmacotherapy knowledge of AD were assessed using AD Knowledge Scale (ADKS), and drug treatment (KADT) scale, respectively.

Clinical outcomes of multidimensional association of type 2 diabetes mellitus, COVID-19 and sarcopenia: an algorithm and scoping systematic evaluation.

Background: The aim of this study was to provide a scoping and comprehensive review for the clinical outcomes from the cross-link of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), COVID-19, and sarcopenia.

Methods: By using PRISMA guidelines and searching through different databases that could provide findings of evidence on the association of T2DM, COVID-19, and sarcopenia.

Results: Thirty-three studies reported a relationship between sarcopenia with T2DM, twenty-one studies reported the prognosis COVID-19 in patients with T2DM, ten studies reported the prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with sarcopenia, five studies discussed the outcomes of sarcopenia in patients with COVID-19, and one study reported sarcopenia outcomes in the presence of T2DM and COVID-19.

Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab: Can we see More Recommendations for Monoclonal Antibodies Beyond COVID-19 Vaccination.

Nearly 3 years after its detection, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2, is still a life-threatening global pandemic that has contributed to a high progression and mortality rate across the globe. This imposes the need for scientific research efforts in order to hold intense interest directed towards such exploration, for the development and optimization of different interventions to the COVID-19 infection. This commentary summarizes the potential clinical benefits for the recently authorized immunotherapy combination of Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab monoclonal antibodies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

The Long View on COVID-19 Theranostics and Oral Antivirals: Living with Endemic Disease and Lessons from Molnupiravir.

The long view on living with COVID-19 as an endemic disease calls for expanding the planetary health intervention toolbox. We will need a battery of vaccines, small molecule oral antiviral drugs, and biomarkers to forecast antiviral drug efficacy and safety. In this context, theranostics refers to fusion of therapeutics and diagnostics.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Patients' Practices, Knowledge and Attitudes of Antibiotics among Iraqi Population.

Introduction: The misconception and misuse of antibiotics among the public has been widely outlined to be one of the main reasons for bacterial resistance. The aim of the present study was to assess the practices, level of knowledge and attitudes regarding the rational and self-medication use of antibiotics in the general public in different districts of Baghdad province, Iraq.

Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among 384 participants through an interview using a structured 3-parts questionnaire, consisting of 24 items assessing the demographic characteristics, practices, level of knowledge and attitude towards rational antibiotics use.

Potential therapeutic effects of different mouthwashes for alleviation and treatment of oral complications of 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer.

Objective: The primary endpoint of the present study was to assess the potential therapeutic effects of three different mouthwashes for alleviation and treatment of oral complications (OCs). The secondary endpoint was to assess patients' perceptions and daily functional activities after therapy of OCs in patients with colon cancer receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy regimens.

Methods: A prospective, randomised controlled study carried out on 90 patients with colon cancer eligible for 5-FU-based chemotherapy regimens at the oncology centre, Istanbul, Turkey.

Potential Confounders and a Modified Framingham Risk Score for the Prediction of Pregnancy-related Medical Conditions Occurrence among Pregnant Women: A Retrospective Study from Baghdad, Iraq.

Background: The incidence of pregnancy-related medical conditions relied on a set of potential factors that could be available even before the term of pregnancy and may be associated with poor outcomes later in life. This study aimed to investigate the association between some potential predictive factors related to maternal, gestational, and clinical parameters and the incidence of pregnancy-related medical conditions in a sample of Iraqi pregnant women.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective, observational, single-center study was carried out on 92 pregnant women during their routine visit to the obstetric clinic in a certain distinct of Baghdad province, Iraq.

Evaluation of online counselling services based on Turkish web-based pharmacy care setting: A retrospective observational study.

Aims Of The Study: To determine the types of online pharmacy care services provided by the clinical pharmacists regarding identification of medication-related problems, provision of counselling services for health and disease conditions alongside medications' counselling for patients seeking online consultation about health, medication and lifestyle concerns based on Turkish web-based pharmacy care setting(WPCS).

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive cohort study carried out on patients during their online visiting of Turkish WPCS seeking consultation for diverse kinds of concerns from September 2015 to March 2016. Patients' health and medication data were gathered for assessment of health-, medication- and lifestyle-related concerns.

Current topical trends and novel therapeutic approaches and delivery systems for oral mucositis management.

Oral mucositis (OM) is an extremely serious and challenging complication of chemoradiotherapy, which may limit the efficacy of cancer treatment. Complications related to OM include potential nutrition impairment, high economic burden, and negative impacts on patients' quality of life. Current therapeutic options with local traditional pharmaceutical formulations are largely focused on controlling symptoms, and only few agents are available for treatment.

Impact of clinical pharmacy recommendations and patient counselling program among patients with diabetes and cancer in outpatient oncology setting.

Introduction: The simultaneous occurrence of diabetes and cancer may complicate the management of both conditions resulting in poor prognosis and more deterioration of patient-related outcomes.

Objective: To assess the effective provision of clinical pharmacy services and pharmacist-led counselling program on improving patient-related outcomes among patients with diabetes and newly diagnosed with cancer during chemotherapy administration.

Methods: A single-centre, prospective, randomised, controlled study was carried out on patients with diabetes newly diagnosed with cancer during chemotherapy administration at the outpatient oncology setting.

Evaluation of goserelin effectiveness based on assessment of inflammatory cytokines and symptoms in uterine leiomyoma.

Background Uterine leiomyoma is a benign tumour of the uterine smooth muscles associated with an elevated level of inflammatory cytokines. Goserelin, a synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue, suppresses the production of sex hormones and release of inflammatory cytokines in uterine leiomyoma cells. Objective The primary objective of this study was to find out the effectiveness of subcutaneous goserelin therapy on lowering serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and improving uterine leiomyoma-related symptoms in female patients diagnosed with uterine leiomyoma.

Clinical Characteristics of Pregnant Women on the Use of Daily Low-dose Aspirin in Different Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders: A Retrospective Comparative Study.

Background: Hypertensive disorders represent major causes of maternal and fetal complications. It includes a range of conditions, most notably preeclampsia. Aspirin is a well-accepted therapy for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.