Multiomics dissection of Brassica napus L. lateral roots and endophytes interactions under phosphorus starvation.

Many plants associate with endophytic microbes that improve root phosphorus (P) uptake. Understanding the interactions between roots and endophytes can enable efforts to improve P utilization. Here, we characterize the interactions between lateral roots of endophytes in a core collection of 50 rapeseed (Brassica napus L.

A chitin deacetylase PsCDA2 from Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici confers disease pathogenicity by suppressing chitin-triggered immunity in wheat.

Plants have the ability to recognize the essential chitin molecule present in the fungal cell wall, which stimulates the immune response. Phytopathogenic fungi have developed various strategies to inhibit the chitin-triggered immune response. Here, we identified a chitin deacetylase of Puccinia striiformis f.

Nitratedependent suberization regulates cadmium uptake and accumulation in maize.

In this study, effect of nitrate-dependent suberization in maize root on cadmium (Cd) uptake and accumulation was investigated. Suberization in maize roots was significantly lower in plants grown with a high nitrate supply compared with low nitrate. This decrease was seen in the total amount of suberin, in which the aliphatic suberin amount was significantly decreased, whereas no difference in aromatic suberin content between different N-treatments.

Plant root suberin: A layer of defence against biotic and abiotic stresses.

Plant roots have important functions, such as acquiring nutrients and water from the surrounding soil and transporting them upwards to the shoots. Simultaneously, they must be able to exclude potentially harmful substances and prevent the entry of pathogens into the roots. The endodermis surrounds the vascular tissues and forms hydrophobic diffusion barriers including Casparian strips and suberin lamella.

Tonoplast-localized transporter ZmNRAMP2 confers root-to-shoot translocation of manganese in maize.

Almost all living organisms require manganese (Mn) as an essential trace element for survival. To maintain an irreplaceable role in the oxygen-evolving complex of photosynthesis, plants require efficient Mn uptake in roots and delivery to above-ground tissues. However, the underlying mechanisms of root-to-shoot Mn translocation remain unclear.

Hydrothermal conversion of Chinese cabbage residue for sustainable agriculture: Influence of process parameters on hydrochar and hydrolysate.

The demands on novel and sustainable techniques for vegetable waste (VW) valorization continues to increase during the past few decades due to the growing waste production under the flourishing vegetable industries. In this study, Chinese cabbage residues were hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at 180, 200, 220 and 240 °C for 2 to 6 h to explore the impacts of process parameters on the characteristics of hydrochars and hydrolysates and their feasibility in sustainable agriculture. Results indicated that hydrothermal temperature had a greater impact on cabbage residue hydrolysis than the residence time.

Bioremediation of Cd-spiked soil using earthworms (Eisenia fetida): Enhancement with biochar and Bacillus megatherium application.

In this study, we evaluated the influence of biochar and Bacillus megatherium on Cd removal from artificially contaminated soils using earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Within a 35-days remediation period, over 30% of Cd was removed by earthworms from the contaminated soil (with Cd at ∼ 2.5 mg kg), and both additives facilitated Cd removal.

Enhanced aqueous Cr(VI) removal using chitosan-modified magnetic biochars derived from bamboo residues.

The purpose of this study was to fabricate a chitosan modified magnetic bamboo biochar (CMBB) for Cr(VI) detoxification from aqueous solution. Results showed that chitosan modification provided more active adsorption sites on the surface of magnetic bamboo biochar (MBB), and hence enhanced Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacities of MBB and CMBB for Cr(VI) at 25 °C were 75.

Towards single-cell ionomics: a novel micro-scaled method for multi-element analysis of nanogram-sized biological samples.

Background: To understand processes regulating nutrient homeostasis at the single-cell level there is a need for new methods that allow multi-element profiling of biological samples ultimately only available as isolated tissues or cells, typically in nanogram-sized samples. Apart from tissue isolation, the main challenges for such analyses are to obtain a complete and homogeneous digestion of each sample, to keep sample dilution at a minimum and to produce accurate and reproducible results. In particular, determining the weight of small samples becomes increasingly challenging when the sample amount decreases.

The Intensity of Manganese Deficiency Strongly Affects Root Endodermal Suberization and Ion Homeostasis.

Manganese (Mn) deficiency affects various processes in plant shoots. However, the functions of Mn in roots and the processes involved in root adaptation to Mn deficiency are largely unresolved. Here, we show that the suberization of endodermal cells in barley () roots is altered in response to Mn deficiency, and that the intensity of Mn deficiency ultimately determines whether suberization increases or decreases.

Multi-Element Bioimaging of Arabidopsis thaliana Roots.

Better understanding of root function is central for the development of plants with more efficient nutrient uptake and translocation. We here present a method for multielement bioimaging at the cellular level in roots of the genetic model system Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Using conventional protocols for microscopy, we observed that diffusible ions such as potassium and sodium were lost during sample dehydration.