Optimizing gefitinib nanoliposomes by Box-Behnken design and coating with chitosan: A sequential approach for enhanced drug delivery.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to improve the stability and prolonged gefitinib release from the nanoliposomes.

Experimental Approach: Nanoliposomes were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation and optimized using Box-Behnken design to investigate the influence of sonication time ( ), tween 80 / soya phosphatidylcholine ratio ( ), and cholesterol/soya phosphatidylcholine ratio ( ) on nanoliposomes.

Key Results: Optimized nanoliposomes were quasi-spherical shaped, with a mean dimension of 93.

Drug Repositioning: A Monetary Stratagem to Discover a New Application of Drugs.

Drug repurposing, also referred to as drug repositioning or drug reprofiling, is a scientific approach to the detection of any new application for an already approved or investigational drug. It is a useful policy for the invention and development of new pharmacological or therapeutic applications of different drugs. The strategy has been known to offer numerous advantages over developing a completely novel drug for certain problems.

Global Trends of Cosmeceutical in Nanotechnology: A Review.

Nanotechnology suggests different innovative solutions to augment the worth of cosmetic products through the targeted delivery of content that manifests scientific innovation in research and development. Different nanosystems, like liposomes, niosomes, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoform lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and nanospheres, are employed in cosmetics. These nanosystems exhibit various innovative cosmetic functions, including site-specific targeting, controlled content release, more stability, improved skin penetration and enhanced entrapment efficiency of loaded compounds.

A comparative study on the cardioprotective potential of atorvastatin and simvastatin in hyperhomocysteinemic rat hearts.

The present study has been deliberated in order to compare the cardioprotective potential of 3-hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, Atorvastatin and Simvastatin in hyperhomocysteinemic rat hearts. L-methionine (1.7 g/kg/day orally) was administered to rats for 4 weeks to produce experimental hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy).

Cardioprotective potential of simvastatin in the hyperhomocysteinemic rat heart.

The present study investigated the probable role of simvastatin, 3-hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, in abrogated cardioprotection in hyperhomocysteinemic (Hhcy) rat hearts. Isolated Langendorff's perfused normal and Hhcy rat hearts were subjected to 30-min global ischemia (I) followed by 120-min reperfusion (R). Assessment of myocardial damage was done by measuring infarct size and analyzing the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK-MB) in coronary effluent.

Myocardial postconditioning: next step to cardioprotection.

Myocardial ischemia is a condition in which lack of blood flow to the cardiac muscle occurs resulting in deficient oxygen and nutrient supply to the heart. The restoration of blood flow to an organ or tissue is termed reperfusion. Brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion given after prolonged ischemia and at the onset of reperfusion denotes postconditioning.

Pleiotropic actions of fenofibrate on the heart.

Fenofibrate is a third-generation fibric acid derivative employed clinically as a hypolipidemic agent to lessen the risk caused by atherosclerosis. Dyslipidemia is a condition associated with elevated levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and triglycerides, and reduced levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in the circulation. Fenofibrate has an ability to diminish LDL, VLDL and triglycerides and pertinently augment HDL, and thus it is used to manage dyslipidemia.

Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity: Do we have a promising therapeutic approach to blunt it?

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are employed clinically because of their potent bactericidal activities, less bacterial resistance, post-antibiotic effects and low cost. However, drugs belong to this class are well-known to cause nephrotoxicity, which limits their frequent clinical exploitation. Gentamicin, a commonly used aminoglycoside, is associated with an induction of tubular necrosis, epithelial oedema of proximal tubules, cellular desquamation, tubular fibrosis, glomerular congestion, perivascular edema and inflammation, which ultimately show the way to renal dysfunction.

The multifaceted therapeutic potential of benfotiamine.

Thiamine, known as vitamin B(1), plays an essential role in energy metabolism. Benfotiamine (S-benzoylthiamine O-monophoshate) is a synthetic S-acyl derivative of thiamine. Once absorbed, benfotiamine is dephosphorylated by ecto-alkaline phosphatase to lipid-soluble S-benzoylthiamine.

The infarct size-limiting effect of ischemic postconditioning (IPOC) is suppressed in isolated hyperhomocysteinemic (Hhcy) rat hearts: the reasonable role of PKC-delta.

Background: Recently we have demonstrated that the cardioprotective potential of ischemic postconditioning (IPOC) against ischemia and reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury was markedly suppressed in hyperhomocysteinemic (Hhcy) rat hearts. The present study investigated the possible role of PKC-delta in Hhcy-induced suppression of myocardial infarct size-limiting effect of IPOC.

Methods: Isolated Langendorff's perfused normal and Hhcy rat hearts were subjected to 30-min global ischemia (I), followed by 120-min reperfusion (R).

Possible involvement of PKC-delta in the abrogated cardioprotective potential of ischemic preconditioning in hyperhomocysteinemic rat hearts.

The present study has been designed to investigate the possible role of protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced attenuation of cardioprotective potential of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Rats were administered L-methionine (1.7 g/kg/day, p.

Modulation of cardioprotective effect of ischemic pre- and postconditioning in the hyperhomocysteinemic rat heart.

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) on cardioprotective potentials of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and postconditioning (IPost). Rats were administered L-methionine (1.7 g/kg/day orally) for 4 weeks to produce Hhcy.

Possible role of JAK-2 in attenuated cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning in hyperhomocysteinemic rat hearts.

The present study investigated the possible role of Janus kinase-2 (JAK-2) in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced attenuation of the cardioprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Rats were administered L-methionine (1.7 g/kg/day, p.

Pre-conditioning and postconditioning to limit ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury: what could be the next footstep?

Myocardial ischemia is a condition in which the coronary blood flow to the heart is reduced, which results in deficient oxygen and nutrients supply to the heart. Reperfusion to an ischemic myocardium often results in lethal myocardial injury. The brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion given before prolonged ischemia and reperfusion denote pre-conditioning.