Thermal Changes During Clavicle Fracture Healing in Children.

Clavicle fractures are among the most common in children, typically treated conservatively, with standard radiographs used to diagnose and monitor healing. Recently, infrared thermography (IRT) has been proposed as an alternative method for fracture detection, but no study has correlated the temperature changes during callus formation. Children aged 4-18 with X-ray-diagnosed clavicle fractures were included in the study.

Internal Spermatic Vein to Superficial Epigastric Vein Microsurgical Bypass in Varicocele Treatment.

Introduction:  Identification and preservation of testicular artery and lymphatic vessels during microsurgical varicocelectomy can be tedious if adhered encompassing venous network is encountered. A venous bypass from internal spermatic to saphenous or inferior epigastric vein, that have been described for varicocele treatment, may be used in such situations. This paper describes a simplified modification of the venous bypass technique that reroutes the testicular blood to the superficial epigastric vein, which can easily be found in the incisional wound.

TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC FEMORAL FRACTURES IN THE CITY OF ZAGREB.

Femur fractures in children can be treated with a number of operative and conservative methods. Numerous factors determine which method is optimal for a specific fracture. The aim of this research was to analyze distribution of femur fractures in children living in the urban communities of Zagreb and Zagreb County by localization, type and frequency of treatment methods used according to age and fracture mechanism.

Durability of tunneled catheters in children is associated with catheter tip depth: A single-center report.

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of different catheter tip positions on catheter duration and dysfunction of tunneled catheters in children. Catheters were evaluated for place of insertion, time of insertion, catheter tip depth and position, duration of use, and reason for removal. The mean duration of implanted catheters with tips placed in cavo-atrial junction/right atrium was significantly longer with significantly lower percentage of complications than tips placed in superior vena cava.

The influence of size, depth and histologic characteristics of invasive ductal breast carcinoma on thermographic properties of the breast.

Invasive breast carcinoma is the most common oncologic disease worldwide. The existing diagnostic methods use morphologic changes in the breast to diagnose a carcinoma when it has reached a certain size. Therefore, it is important to augment the morphologic diagnostic examinations with a new method that focuses on characteristics other than morphology such as electromagnetic changes produced by cancer.

Successful separation of xypho-omphalopagus conjoined twins with extrauterine twin-twin transfusion syndrome: a case report.

Conjoined twining is a rare medical phenomenon, with an overall prevalence of 1.47 per 100 000 births. This report describes a successful separation of xypho-omphalopagus conjoined twins complicated by unbalanced blood shunting through the porto-systemic anastomoses within the shared liver parenchyma.

LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY DOES NOT INCREASE THE RATE OF NEGATIVE APPENDECTOMY along with a lower rate of perforated appendicitis - RESULTS IN 1899 PATIENTS at Zagreb UHC.

- Laparoscopic appendectomy is the method of choice of many professional societies owing to its many advantages. The question arises whether surgeons urge more easily to laparoscopic exploration due to its less invasiveness, faster recovery and adequate exploration of the entire abdominal cavity than to observation in unequivocal cases. This retrospective analysis (2009-2016) included 1899 patients undergoing laparoscopic (lap) or gridiron intra-abdominal approach treated at Zagreb University Hospital Centre.

Analysis of Airborne Dust as a Result of Plaster Cast Sawing.

Plaster splints are used daily in surgical and orthopedic fields in order to immobilize injured children and adults. The aim of this study was to measure the aerodynamic diameter and concentration of dust particles in the air caused by sawing plaster splints (calcium sulfate dehy-drate). We performed fractional measurements of airborne dust particles.

Near-Complete Hand Loss Following an Unintentional, Intra-arterial Medicine Injection in an Infant.

Unintentional, intra-arterial administration of medicines can lead to very serious sequelae, including limb loss. We present a case of a 13-week-old boy who was unintentionally given phenobarbital into his right radial artery, which resulted in a near-complete hand amputation. Pediatric patients are under increased risk of such injuries due to their small vessel size and their inability to express immediate complaints, which often leads to a delayed recognition of the condition.

Tumor angiogenesis as an important prognostic factor in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (Stage IIIA).

The aim of the present study was to evaluate angiogenesis by determining the micro vascular density (MVD) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor samples, and to analyze their associations with clinical parameters and survival. Tumor tissue specimens of fifty patients (41 males and 9 females), who underwent radical surgical treatment for NSCLC in stage IIIA (T1-3N2) were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. MVD evaluation was performed using an anti-CD31 monoclonal antibody and VEGF-A expression using a polyclonal anti-VEGF-A antibody.

Bilateral Leg Replantation in a 3-Month-Old Baby After a Knee Level Crush Amputation-A 2-Year Follow-up.

We present a case of a successful bilateral leg replantation in a 3-month-old baby after a knee-level crush amputation with the loss of both knee joints. The legs were replanted after 4 hours of warm and an additional 2.5 and 3.

[FEMUR FRACTURES IN CHILDREN – CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF INJURY].

Children are often exposed to injuries due to their hyperactivity. Femur fractures can however leave permanent consequences despite adequate treatment. The high prevalence and possible invalidity justify research in the field of prevention of this injury.

Postoperative Gastric Perforation in a Newborn with Duodenal Atresia.

Gastric perforation (GP) in neonates is a rare entity with high mortality. Although the etiology is not completely understood, it mostly occurs in premature neonates on assisted ventilation. Combination of duodenal atresia and gastric perforation is very rare.

[EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS OF PLASTER IMMOBILIZATION – ANALYSIS OF THREE KINDS OF PLASTER BANDAGES].

Exothermic reaction of plaster is a very important characteristic to understand, especially when it comes to complications which can occur during local temperature change during molding plaster of Paris. And these complications directly influence the speed and quality of treatment. In this paper we measured temperatures of plaster bandage tiles 10×10 cm, from three different manufacturers in Croatian hospitals: Safix plus (Hartmann, Germany), Cellona (Lohmann &Rauscher, Austria) and Gipsan ( Ivo Lola Ribar, Croatia).

[FRONTAL, AXILLARY AND TYMPANIC TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS IN CHILDREN].

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of body temperature measurements obtained by standard axillary thermometers with the results of infrared tympanic and frontal skin thermometry in afebrile children. This study comprises a single-center, prospective comparison trial. A total of 345 afebrile children aged 4 to 16 years hospitalized in the pediatric surgery department for elective surgery were included.

[PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PLASTER BANDAGES].

The physical properties of plaster bandages are a very important factor in achieving the basic functions of immobilization (maintaining bone fragments in the best possible position), which directly affects the speed and quality of fracture healing. This paper compares the differences between the physical properties of plaster bandages (mass, specific weight, drying rate, elasticity and strength) and records the differences in plaster modeling of fast bonding 10 cm wide plaster bandages, from three different manufacturers: Safix plus (Hartmann, Germany), Cellona (Lohman Rauscher, Austria) and Gipsan (Ivo Lola Ribar ltd., Croatia).

FRACTURE OF THE HUMERUS IN CHILDREN – CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF INJURY.

Due to hyperactivity, children are often exposed to injuries of the upper arm and fractures of the humerus can leave permanent damage even after the surgical treatment. The high incidence of fractures justifi es questioning the possible prevention of this injury. Preventive actions are possible only with the knowledge of the causes and circumstances of the fracture.

Abdominal Aortic Thrombosis in a Healthy Neonate.

Abdominal aortic thrombosis is a rare entity in neonates and has mostly been associated with umbilical artery or cardiac catheterization. We present a complicated case of an otherwise healthy neonate who developed thrombosis of abdominal aorta with renal failure. Therapy with intravenous heparin was unsuccessful, and thrombolysis was contraindicated because of disseminated intravascular coagulation so we decided to perform open thrombectomy using the left retroperitoneal approach.

[HAND FRACTURES IN CHILDREN - CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF INJURY].

Hand is extremely exposed to various loads and traumas of everyday tasks and activities, resulting in fist fractures being fairly common injuries. The most common mechanism of injury is a direct blow. This retrospective study analyzed the data on 274 children admitted for hand fractures at Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb in the period from 2006 to 2014.

RESULTS OF CLAVICLE FRACTURE TREATMENT IN CHILDREN.

Treatment of clavicle fracture is principally outpatient. Operative treatment is accompanied by the need for more x-rays and possible complications. Fractures with absolute indications for operative treatment occur only sporadically and these indications are relatively clear, but children often undergo surgery because of relative indications (shortening, fragment displacement, multifragmentary fractures), which are open to debate.

Evaluation of stability of osteosynthesis with K-wires on an artificial model of tibial malleolus fracture.

Background: Paediatric ankle fractures comprise approximately 4% of all paediatric fractures and 30% of all epiphyseal fractures. Integrity of the ankle "mortise", which consists of tibial and fibular malleoli, is significant for stability and function of the ankle joint. Tibial malleolar fractures are classified as SH III or SH IV intra-articular fractures and, in cases where the fragments are displaced, anatomic reposition and fixation is mandatory.

Reducing damage to the periosteal capillary network caused by internal fixation plating: An experimental study.

Background: The importance of the periosteum in fracture healing is well-known. Preserving periosteal vascularisation is essential during internal plate fixation of fractures.

Methods: This was an experimental randomised, controlled animal study on nine sheep.

Thermal changes during healing of distal radius fractures-Preliminary findings.

Introduction: The bone healing process is very complex. In simple terms, bone healing comprises three basic steps, the inflammation phase, the repair phase and the remodelling phase. The increase in blood flow around the fracture during the healing process increases the temperature of the surrounding tissue.